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HBS > Upper Extremities > Flashcards

Upper Extremities Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 components make up the shoulder region?

A
  • pectoral region
  • scapular region
  • deltoid region
  • part of lateral neck
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2
Q

What 4 components make up the upper extremity regions?

A

shoulder, arm, forearm, and hand

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3
Q

What attaches to the conoid tubercle?

A

shoulder attachment

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4
Q

For the clavicle, the acromial end is found on (medial/lateral) side and the sternal end is found on the (medial/lateral) side.

A

acromial end-lateral

sternal end-medial

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5
Q

What are the 3 borders of the scapula?

A

superior-scapular spine
medial-vertebral border
lateral-axillary border

*inferior angle is where medial and lateral border come together

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6
Q

The humeral head articulates with which portion of scapula?

A

glenoid fossa

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7
Q

Deltoid tuberosity is on the (anterior/posterior) side of humerus and radial groove is on the (anterior/posterior) side.

A

deltoid tuberosity-anterior

radial groove-posterior

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8
Q

What are the two articular surfaces of the distal humerus?

A

capitulum (lateral)-articulate with radius

trochlea (medial)-articulate with ulna

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9
Q

(Radius/ulna) longer proximally and (radius/ulna) longer distally.

A

radius-longer distally

ulna-longer proximally

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10
Q

Ulna and radius are joined together by which membrane?

A

interosseous membrane

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11
Q

Of the carpal bones, the proximal row approximates with (X) and distal row approximates with (Y).

A

proximal row-radius

distal row-metacarpals

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12
Q

What carpal bones are found on proximal row?

A

(lateral to medial) Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

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13
Q

What carpal bones are found on distal row?

A

(medial to lateral) Hammate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium

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14
Q

All muscles that have an action on upper extremity are innervated by nerves from which plexus?

A

brachial plexus (C5-T1)

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15
Q

(T/F) Each nerve can contain fibers from more than one spinal cord segment.

A

True

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16
Q

Which nerve from brachial plexus innervates the dorsal and medial scapula?

A

supraclavicular branches

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17
Q

Which nerve from brachial plexus innervates the pectoral region and ventral scapula?

A

infraclavicular branches

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18
Q

The axillary nerve from the brachial plexus innervates which body part?

A

proximal arm

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19
Q

The radial nerve from the brachial plexus innervates which body parts?

A

posterior arm and posterior forearm

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20
Q

Which nerve from brachial plexus innervates the anterior arm?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

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21
Q

Which nerve from brachial plexus innervates anterior forearm to a greater extent than the hand?

A

median nerve

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22
Q

Which nerve from brachial plexus innervates the hand to a greater extent than anterior forearm?

A

ulnar nerve

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23
Q

Where does the axillary artery (continuous with subclavian artery) begin and end?

A

begins-lateral border of 1st rib and ends at inferior border of teres major

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24
Q

Where does the brachial artery (continuous with axillary artery) begin?

A

inferior border of teres major

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25
Q

Which deep artery of the arm is major branch from brachial artery?

A

brachial profunda artery

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26
Q

At level of elbow, the brachial artery divides into which two arteries?

A

radial and ulnar artery

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27
Q

Ulnar artery and radial artery both continue into hand and are the main supply to what regions?

A

ulnar-superficial palmar arch

radial-deep palmar arch

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28
Q

Dorsal venous network of the palmar arches comprises which two veins?

A

cephalic vein-lateral side

basilic vein-medial side

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29
Q

Which vein is the communication between basilic and cephalic veins in cubital fossa?

A

medial cubital vein

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30
Q

The basilic and cephalic veins ultimately drain into which vein?

A

axillary vein

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31
Q

Where is the axillary vein formed?

A

inferior border of teres major muscle

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32
Q

axillary vein is formed by the union of which two veins?

A

brachial and basilic vein

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33
Q

What are the 4 joints of the shoulder complex?

A
  • sternoclavicular
  • acromioclavicular
  • glenohumeral
  • scapulothoracic
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34
Q

What type of joint is each:

  • sternoclavicular
  • acromioclavicular
  • glenohumeral
  • scapulothoracic
A

SC-saddle synovial joint
AC-plane type synovial joint
GH-ball & socket joint
ST-physiologic joint

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35
Q

Which shoulder joint articulates with sternal end of clavicle and manubrium of sterum?

A

sternoclavicular joint

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36
Q

Which shoulder joint articulates the acromial end of clavicle and acromion process of scapula?

A

acromioclavicular joint

37
Q

Which shoulder joint articualtes the humeral head and glenoid fossa?

A

glenohumeral joint

38
Q

Which two joints contribute to scapulohumeral rhythm?

A

glenohumeral joint and scapulothoracic joint

39
Q

For shoulder abduction, from 0-30 degrees, abduction is by which joint? And from 30-180 degrees?

A

0-30: abduction at glenohumeral joint

30-180: 2:1 GH/ST movement

40
Q

Trapezius muscles are innervated by which nerve?

A

CN XI

41
Q

Latissimus dorsi muscles are innervated by which nerve?

A

thoracodorsal nerve

42
Q

Levator scapulae muscles are innervated by which nerve?

A

dorsal scapular nerve

43
Q

Rhomboid minor and major muscles are innervated by which nerve?

A

dorsal scapular nerve

44
Q

What are the boundaries of the triangle of auscultation?

A

latissimus dorsi, trapezius, and medial border of scapula

45
Q

What are the anterior extrinsic muscles of the shoulder?

A

pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, and subclavius

46
Q

Which muscle has attachments to clavicular head, sternocostal head, and intertubercular groove of humerus?

A

pectoralis major

47
Q

The pectoralis major is innervated by which nerve?

A

lateral and medial pectoral nerves

48
Q

Pectoralis minor is innervated by which nerve?

A

medial pectoral nerve

49
Q

Serratus anterior is innervated by which nerve?

A

long thoracic nerve

50
Q

Coracobrachialis is innervated by which nerve?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

51
Q

Deltoid muscles are innervated by which nerve?

A

axillary nerve

52
Q

Teres major muscle is innervated by which nerve?

A

lower subscapular nerve

53
Q

Which muscles comprise the rotator cuff?

A
  • supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
  • teres minor
  • subscapularis
54
Q

Supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles are innervated by which nerves?

A

suprascapular nerve

55
Q

Teres minor is innervated by which nerve?

A

axillary nerve

56
Q

Subscapularis muscle is innervated by which nerves?

A

upper subscapular nerve and lower subscapular nerve

57
Q

How do the rotator cuff muscles contribute to GH stability?

A

muscles important in maintaining humerus centered within glenoid fossa

58
Q

What are the 4 articulations of the elbow?

A
  • humeroulnar
  • humeroradial
  • proximal radioulnar
  • distal radioulnar
59
Q

Which ligament holds head of radius against ulna and protects against distal dislocation of radius?

A

annular ligament

60
Q

Which ligament protects against medial deviation of forearm?

A

lateral collateral ligament

61
Q

Which ligament protects against lateral deviation of forearm?

A

medial collateral ligament

62
Q

The biceps brachii and brachialis are innervated by which nerve?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

63
Q

The triceps brachii, anconeus, and brachioradialis are innervated by which nerve?

A

radial nerve

64
Q

The supinator muscle is innervated by which nerve?

A

radial nerve

65
Q

The biceps brachii is innervated by which nerve?

A

musculocutaneous nerve

66
Q

The pronator teres is innervated by which nerve?

A

median nerve

67
Q

The pronator quadratus is innervated by which nerve?

A

median nerve

68
Q

Radiocarpal articulations are what type of joints?

A

condyloid type

69
Q

Midcarpal articulations are what type of joints?

A

plane synovial joint

70
Q

Distal radioulnar joints are what type of joints?

A

pivot synovial joint

71
Q

What type of displacement occurs in Colles Fracture?

A

dorsal displacement of distal fragment

72
Q

What are the stabilizing ligaments of the wrist?

A

extensor and flexor retinaculum

73
Q

Carpal tunnel is formed by which type of retinaculum?

A

flexor retinaculum

74
Q

Wrist extensors are innervated by which nerve?

A

radial nerve

75
Q

Repeated forceful flexion and extension of the wrist may strain attachment of common extensor tendon producing inflammation of periosteum of which muscle?

A

lateral epicondyle (lateral epicondylitis)

76
Q

Wrist flexors are innervated by which nerves?

A

median and ulnar nerve

77
Q

Which muscle tenses fascia of palm and what nerve innervates it?

A

palmaris longus innervated by median nerve

78
Q

Wrist abduction is (radial/ulnar) deviation and wrist adduction is (radial/ulnar) deviation.

A

abduction-radial deviation

adduction-ulnar deviation

79
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis muscles are innervated by which nerves?

A

medial and ulnar

80
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus muscles are innervated by which nerves?

A

ulnar nerve

81
Q

Carpal tunnel contains extrinsic tendons of extrinsic digit flexors as well as the main branch of which nerve?

A

median nerve

82
Q

What are the three digit extensors for digits 2-5 and which nerve are they innervated by?

A
  • extensor digitorum
  • extensor indicis proprius
  • extensor digiti minimi
  • all innervated by radial nerve
83
Q

What are the three digit extensors for the thumb?

A
  • flexor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis longus and brevis
  • abductor pollicis longus
84
Q

What are the borders of the anatomical snuff box?

A
  • extensor pollicis brevis
  • abductor pollicis longus
  • extensor pollicis longus
85
Q

Of the intrinsic hand muscles, the hypothenar group is innervated by (x nerve) and then thenar group is innervated by (y nerve).

A

hypothenar group-ulnar nerve

thenar group-median nerve

86
Q

The lumbrical muscles are innervated by which nerves?

A

median and ulnar nerve

87
Q

the dorsal and palmar interossei muscles are innervated by which nerve?

A

ulnar nerve

88
Q

Dorsal interossei has (abduction/adduction) and the palmar has (abduction/adduction).

A

dorsal-abduction

palmar-adduction

89
Q

Which 3 nerves supply the skin of the hand?

A
  • ulnar
  • median
  • radial

HBS (13 decks)

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