Upper Appendicular: Skeletal Bones Flashcards
Spinosum process (Scapula)
A large prominent ridge on the posterior side of the scapula that angles obliquely; Best landmark for posterior
Acromion (Scapula)
Bulge located at the lateral edge of the psine of the scapula
Coracoid process (Scapula)
Bulge located anteriorly to the acromion
Supraspinous foss (Scapula)
Depression found superior to the spine of the scapula
Infraspinous fossa (Scapula)
Depression found inferior to the spine of the scapula
Superior angle (Scapula)
Pointy area located superior to the supraspinous foss and is also the most superior portion of the scapula
Inferior angle (Scapula)
Pointy area located at the most inferior portion of the scapula
Lateral border (Scapula)
The entire lateral edge of the scapula
Medial border (Scapula)
The entire medial edge (nearest the vertebral column) of the scapula
Glenoid cavity/fossa (Scapula)
Depression located at the proximal portion of the scapula at the superior edge of the lateral border; the best landmark to determine lateral
Suprascapular notch (Scapula)
Notch located on the superior edge of the scapula between the coracoid process and the superior angle of the scapula but yet nearest the coracoid process
Subscapular fossa (Scapula)
Depression on the anterior aspect of the scapula
Body of the Scapula
The entire area of the scapula extending from the spine of the scapula to the inferior angle and actually consists of both the anterior and posterior aspects of the scapula
Sternal end (Clavicle)
The most medial edge of the clavicle, which connects to the sternum
Acomial end (Clavicle)
The most lateral edge of the clavicle, which connects to the acromion of the scapula
Conoid tubercle (Clavicle)
A small bulge on the inferior edge of the clavicle nearest the acromial end
Head (Humerus)
The proximal, rounded portion that fits into the glenoid cavity; Best landmark for medial
Greater tubercle (Humerus)
A bulge lateral to the head of the humerus
Lesser tubercle (Humerus)
A small bulge inferior and medial to the greater tubercle
Intertubercular sulcus (Humerus)
Vertical groove located between the greater and lesser tubercles
Deltoid tuberosity (Humerus)
A roughened area on the lateral edge of the humerus just a few centimeters distal to the greater tubercle
Capitulum (Humerus)
The lateral condyle at the distal end of the humerus
Trochlea (Humerus)
The medial condyle at the distal end of the humerus
Medial epicondyle (Humerus)
This medial bulge is nearest to the trochlea
Lateral epicondyle (Humerus)
This lateral bulge is nearest the capitulum
Coronoid fossa (Humerus)
Depression on the anterior humerus mostly proximal to the trochlea
Olecranon fossa (Humerus)
Depression the the posterior humerus between the capitulum and the trochlea
Deltoid tuberosity
Anterior and lateral; very indistinct, rough area, along the anterior lateral edge of the diaphysis
Head (Radius)
The most proximal portion of the radius, which is very round and articulates with the capitulum
Radial tuberosity (Radius)
A small bulge located just a few cenitmeters distal to the head of the radius; insertion of biceps brachii
Dorsal radial tuberosity (Radius)
A bumpy area located at the distal end of the humerus on the posterior side
Styloid process (Radius)
A small pointy structure at the distal end and on the lateral side of the radius; Best landmark for anterior
Interosseous membrane (Ulna)
A fibrous sheet connets lateral margin of ulnar shaft to radius; All bones are surrounded by a connective tissue covering aclled the periosteum.
Olecranon (Ulna)
The large, rounded, posterior bulge at the proximal end of the ulna
Trochlear notch (Ulna)
A huge notch on the anterior aspect of the ulna at the proximal end, which articulates with the trochlea of the humerus; Best landmark for anterior
Coronoid process (Ulna)
The anterior, pointy edge of the trochlear notch
Radial notch of the ulna (Ulna)
A small depression at the proximal, lateral edge of the ulna nearest the coronoid process of the ulna and articulates with the head of the radius; Best landmark for lateral
Styloid process (Ulna)
A pointy process at the distal end and on the medial, posterior edge of the ulna
Capitate (Wrist)
The most cental, distal carpal bone
Hamate (Wrist)
The carpal with the “hook” and is medial to the capitate
Pisiform (Wrist)
A small, rounded bone medial to the hamate and is attached to the triquetrum
Triquetrum (Wrist)
Posterior to the pisiform
Lunate (Wrist)
Lateral to the triquetrum and pisiform and is near the distal end of the ulna
Scaphoid (Wrist)
Lateral to the lunate (articulates mostly with the radius)
Trapezium (Wrist)
Distal to the scaphoid and is “in line” with the thumb
Trapezoid (Wrist)
Medial to the trapezium and lateral to the capitate
Metacarpals (Hand and Digits)
Five elongated bones that make up the back of the hand. They are numbered with Roman numerals (I to V) with I starting on the thumb (pollex) side.
Digits (Hand and Digits)
Made of phalanges (singular is phalanx) Each digit has three phalanges except for the thumb. Each individual phalanx is called: proximal, middle, distal phalanx. The thumb only has a proximal and sital phalanx
Diaphysis
The shaft of the bone; compact bone cylinder; Medullary (marrow) cavity (yellow bone marrow)
Epiphysis
Wide part at each end of the bone (proximal epiphysis and distal epiphysis); Articulates with other bones; Spongy bone covered with compact bones
Metaphysis
Where diaphysis and epiphysis meet
Pectoral Girdle
Connects the arms to the body; Includes two clavicles and two scapulae
Humeroradial Joint (Elbow)
Capitulum of the humerus articulates with the head of the radius
Humeroulnar joint (Elbow)
The trochlea of the humerus articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna
Extension (Elbow)
Olevranon process of the ulna goes into the olecranon fossa of the humerus
