Cells and Tissues Flashcards
Epithelial Tissue
Simple squamous epithelium
Cells: Squamous
Description: Single layer of flat cells
Function: Very permeable
Location: Alveoli of the lungs, Glomeruli of kidneys, lining of blood vessels
Epithelial Tissue
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Cells: Cuboidal
Description: Single layer of cell as tall as they are wide and may have cilia or microvilli
Function: Secretion and absorption
Location: Tubules of the kidneys, lines some glands
Epithelial Tissue
Simple Columnar Epithelium
Cells: Columnar
Description: Single layer of cells that are taller than they are wide; may have cilia, microvilli, and goblet cells
Function: Secretion and absorption
Location: GI tract, ovarian tubes
Epithelial Tissue
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
Cells: Pseudostratified
Description: Single layer of cells with staggered nuclei giving it the appearance of being stratified; may have cilia, microvilli, and goblet cells
Epithelial Tissue
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Cells: Squamous
Description: Multiple layers of cells with the surface layer made of flat cells
Function: provides physical protection and resists abrasion
Location: Skin, vagina, esophagus, mouth
Epithelial Tissue
Transitional Epithelium
Cells: Squamous or Cuboidal
Description: Multiple layers of cells with the surface layer made of cells that are as tall as they are wide (cuboidal)
Function: Providesphysical protection
Location: Pares of male urethra
Connective Tissue
(Loose) Areolar Connective Tissue
Cells: Fibroblast or Fibrocyte
Description: Widely spaced cells and fibers; fibroblast cells, collagen, and elastic fibers
Function: Connects other tissues and organs together
Location: Between muscle and skin
Connective Tissue
Adipose Tissue
Cells: Adipocytes
Description: Large empty looking cells but filled with fat (triglycerides)
Function: Longer term energy storage in the form of triglycerides; protection and insulation
Location: Under the skin, surrounds many organs
Connective Tissue
Reticular Connective Tissue
Cells Fibroblast or Fibrocyte
Description: Loose network of cells and branched reticular fibers
Function: Creates a framework for the cells within soft organs
Location: Liver, spleen, tonsils, appendix, lymph nodes, and bone marrow
Connective Tissue
Dense Regular Connective Tissue
Cells: Fibroblast or Fibrocyte
Description: Densely packed collagen fibers running parallel to each other
Function: Resists stretching in one direction, makes strong connections between bones, muscle to bone, and muscle to muscle
Location: Tendon, ligament, aponeuroses
Connective Tissue
Blood
Cells: Erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes
Description: Widely spaced cells in a liquid matrix called plasma
Function: Erythrocytes; transports oxygen, Leukocytes; fights infection, Thrombocytes; blood clotting
Location: Circulatory system
Connective Tissue
(Compact) Bone
Cells: Osteocytes
Description: Osteocyte cells within a solid matrix, structural unit is called the osteon, the central canal contain the blood and nerve supply to the osteon, concentric layers of solid matrix called lamellae, cells in spaces called lacunae
Function: Provides support and protection for the body
Location: Skeletal system
Connective Tissue
Cartilage
Cells: Chondrocytes
Description: Chondrocytes within a rubbery gel matrix, cells live in spaces called lacunae, matrix made up of a sheet of collagen, collagen fibers, and can have elastic fibers
Function: Provides structures with flexibility, provides cushioning and reduces friction between joints.
Location: Helix of the ear, between joints, larynx, trachea, and bronchi of the respiratory system
Muscle Tissue
Skeletal Muscle Tissue
Cells: Myocytes
Description: Long multinucleated cells running parallel, has striations, nuclei are pushed to the periphery of the cell
Function: Voluntary contractions
Location: Muscles associated with the skeleton and voluntary movements
Muscle Tissue
Smooth Muscle Tissue
Cells: Myocytes
Description: Many short cells with centrally located nuclei, no striations
Function: Involuntary contractions
Location: Walls of blood vessels, digestive organs, and uterus
