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Human Anatomy > Directional Terminology > Flashcards

Directional Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior

A

Towards the front

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2
Q

Posterior

A

Towards the back

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3
Q

Ventral

A

Belly (regardless of anatomical position or directionality)

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4
Q

Cranial or Cephalic

A

The head

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5
Q

Superior

A

Towards the top

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6
Q

Caudal

A

The tail (coccyx in humans)

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7
Q

Inferior

A

Towards the bottom of the torso

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8
Q

Medial

A

Towards the midline

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9
Q

Ventral

A

Belly

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10
Q

Dorsal

A

Back

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11
Q

Lateral

A

away from the midline

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12
Q

Proximal

A

Toward the attached base

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13
Q

Distal

A

Away from the attached base

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14
Q

Superficial

A

At, near, or relatively close to the body surface

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15
Q

Deep

A

Farther from the body surface

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16
Q

Intermediate

A

Located between deep and superficial locations in the body

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17
Q

Bilateral

A

Both sides of the body

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18
Q

Unilateral

A

Only on one side of the body

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19
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Same side of the body but NOT on the same structure

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20
Q

Contralateral

A

Found on the opposite side of the body but NOT on the same structure

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21
Q

Brachium

A

Upper arm

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22
Q

Antecubital

A

“Bend of the elbow region” This is immediately inferior to the brachium

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23
Q

Antebrachium

A

Lower arm; this is immediately inferior to the antecubital region

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24
Q

Carpal

A

Wrist region; this area is immediately inferior to the antebrachium

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25
Q

Olecranon

A

Posterior elbow; this is posterior to the antecubital

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26
Q

Pollex

A

Thumb; the pollex is the most lateral digit of the hand

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27
Q

Femoral

A

Upper leg

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28
Q

Patella

A

Anterior knee; this is inferior to the femoral region

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29
Q

Crus

A

The entire lower leg; this is inferior to the patella

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30
Q

Popliteus

A

Posterior to the patella; this area is immediately inferior to the femoral region on the posterior side; “back of the knee”

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31
Q

Sura

A

The posterior crus; this are is immediately inferior to the popliteus region

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32
Q

Tarsus

A

Ankle region; this area is immediately inferior to the crus

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32
Q

Hallux

A

Big toe; the hallux is the most medial digit of the foot

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32
Q

Axilla

A

Armpit; the region between the lateral chest and the brachium

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32
Q

Thoracic

A

The entire anterior chest

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33
Q

Mamma

A

The breast area of the thorax

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34
Q

Abdomen

A

The “gut” area; this area is immediately inferior to the thoracic region

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35
Q

Umbilicus

A

Referred to as the “belly button”

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36
Q

Pelvis

A

The hip region

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37
Q

Inguinal

A

The oblique crease area between the femoral and the abdominal region

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38
Q

Dorsum

A

The upper back

39
Q

Lumbar

A

The lower back

40
Q

Gluteus

A

The rump region

41
Q

Gluteal fold

A

The transverse crease between the gluteus and the femoral

42
Q

Gluteal cleft

A

The vertical crease bewteen the left and right gluteus

43
Q

Frons

A

The forehead region

44
Q

Glabella

A

The area immediately inferior to the frons; this is the area between the eyebrows

45
Q

Nasign

A

The junction of the nose to the skull; this is sort of a depressed area

46
Q

Nasus

A

This is the “bridge” of the nose; there are two bones (left and right nasal bones)

47
Q

Ala of nose

A

The fleshy portions of the nose that you pinch when you want to close your nostrils

48
Q

Nasolabial sulcus

A

The crease that extends from the corner of the lips to the area near the ala of the nose

49
Q

Philtrum

A

The depression located in the area that extends from the center, inferior edge of the nose to the center of the upper lip

50
Q

Columella nasi

A

The fleshy tissue that is between the two nostrils.

51
Q

Vermillion border

A

The very edge of the upper and lower lips

52
Q

Oris

A

The entire mouth

53
Q

Otic

A

The entire ear

54
Q

Ocular

A

The entire eye

55
Q

Mentis

A

The chin; the mandible is the bone of the lower jaw but the mentis is the superficial, anterior region of the mandible

56
Q

Occipital

A

The posterior region of the skull

57
Q

Zygomatic

A

These are the cheekbones

58
Q

Buccal

A

The lateral aspects of our face typically called our cheeks

59
Q

Cervical

A

The entire neck area

60
Q

Laryngeal prominence

A

This is called the adams apple

61
Q

Anterior Cavity

A

Includes the thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, and the pelvic cavity

62
Q

Posterior Cavity

A

Includes the spinal cavity and the cranial cavity

63
Q

Spinal Cavity

A

contains the spinal cord

64
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

Contains the brain

65
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Consists of pleural cavities, mediastinal cavity, pericardial cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity

66
Q

Pleural cavities

A

Contains the right and left lung

67
Q

Mediastinal Cavity

A

The cavity located between the two pleural cavities, contains the thymus gland

68
Q

Pericardial cavity

A

Contains the heart

69
Q

Abdominal Cavity

A

Contains the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, and appendix

70
Q

Pelvic Cavity

A

contains the urinary bladder

71
Q

Right Upper Quadrant

A

Liver, gallbladder, and part of the transverse colon

72
Q

Left Upper Quadrant

A

Stomach, spleen, and part of the transverse colon

73
Q

Right Lower Quadrant

A

Cecum, portion of ascending colon, and appendix

74
Q

Left Lower Quadrant

A

Descending colon and sigmoid colon

75
Q

Epigastric

A

Epigastric area is the upper abdomen, just below the ribs and above the belly button

76
Q

Umbilical

A

Most of the small intestine

77
Q

Hypogastric

A

Ileum and urinary bladder

78
Q

Right Hypochondriac

A

Right lobe of the liver

79
Q

Left Hypochondriac

A

The left hypochondriac region is a part of the abdomen that contains components of the stomach, top of the left lobe of the liver, the left kidney, the spleen and tail of the pancreas, parts of the small intestine and components of the transverse and descending colon

80
Q

Right Lumbar

A

Ascending Colon

81
Q

Left Lumbar

A

Descending colon

82
Q

Right inguinal

83
Q

Left inguinal

A

Sigmoid colon

84
Q

Frontal Cut

A

A longitudinal cut that divides the body, organ, or tissue into anterior and posterior portions

85
Q

Sagittal

A

A longitudinal cut that divides the body, organ, or tissue into right and left portions

86
Q

Transverse

A

A cut that seperates the superior part of the body, organ, or tissue from the inferior part

87
Q

Oblique

A

Making a dissectional cut at an angle across a tissue; an oblique cut is at a significant angle whereas a transverse cut is not at an angle

88
Q

Superficial

A

on the surface or near the surface

89
Q

Deep

A

Deeper into the body; going deeper from the superficial

90
Q

Intermediate

A

Tissue located somewhere between two other pieces of tissue; tissue located somewhere between superficial and deep

91
Q

Flex

A

Decreases the angle at the joint

92
Q

Extend

A

Increases the angle at the joint

93
Q

Abduct

A

To take away from the body; move the arm laterally

94
Q

Adduct

A

To add back to the body; move the arm medially

95
Q

Supinate

A

Flex the lower arm at a 90 degree angle and have the palms face toward the ceiling; you can hold a cup of soup

96
Q

Pronate

A

The lower arm is at a 90 degree angle; rotate the lower arm so the palms are facing the floor

Human Anatomy (20 decks)

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