Directional Terminology Flashcards
1
Q
Anterior
A
Towards the front
2
Q
Posterior
A
Towards the back
3
Q
Ventral
A
Belly (regardless of anatomical position or directionality)
4
Q
Cranial or Cephalic
A
The head
5
Q
Superior
A
Towards the top
6
Q
Caudal
A
The tail (coccyx in humans)
7
Q
Inferior
A
Towards the bottom of the torso
8
Q
Medial
A
Towards the midline
9
Q
Ventral
A
Belly
10
Q
Dorsal
A
Back
11
Q
Lateral
A
away from the midline
12
Q
Proximal
A
Toward the attached base
13
Q
Distal
A
Away from the attached base
14
Q
Superficial
A
At, near, or relatively close to the body surface
15
Q
Deep
A
Farther from the body surface
16
Q
Intermediate
A
Located between deep and superficial locations in the body
17
Q
Bilateral
A
Both sides of the body
18
Q
Unilateral
A
Only on one side of the body
19
Q
Ipsilateral
A
Same side of the body but NOT on the same structure
20
Q
Contralateral
A
Found on the opposite side of the body but NOT on the same structure
21
Q
Brachium
A
Upper arm
22
Q
Antecubital
A
“Bend of the elbow region” This is immediately inferior to the brachium
23
Q
Antebrachium
A
Lower arm; this is immediately inferior to the antecubital region
24
Q
Carpal
A
Wrist region; this area is immediately inferior to the antebrachium
25
Olecranon
Posterior elbow; this is posterior to the antecubital
26
Pollex
Thumb; the pollex is the most lateral digit of the hand
27
Femoral
Upper leg
28
Patella
Anterior knee; this is inferior to the femoral region
29
Crus
The entire lower leg; this is inferior to the patella
30
Popliteus
Posterior to the patella; this area is immediately inferior to the femoral region on the posterior side; "back of the knee"
31
Sura
The posterior crus; this are is immediately inferior to the popliteus region
32
Tarsus
Ankle region; this area is immediately inferior to the crus
32
Hallux
Big toe; the hallux is the most medial digit of the foot
32
Axilla
Armpit; the region between the lateral chest and the brachium
32
Thoracic
The entire anterior chest
33
Mamma
The breast area of the thorax
34
Abdomen
The "gut" area; this area is immediately inferior to the thoracic region
35
Umbilicus
Referred to as the "belly button"
36
Pelvis
The hip region
37
Inguinal
The oblique crease area between the femoral and the abdominal region
38
Dorsum
The upper back
39
Lumbar
The lower back
40
Gluteus
The rump region
41
Gluteal fold
The transverse crease between the gluteus and the femoral
42
Gluteal cleft
The vertical crease bewteen the left and right gluteus
43
Frons
The forehead region
44
Glabella
The area immediately inferior to the frons; this is the area between the eyebrows
45
Nasign
The junction of the nose to the skull; this is sort of a depressed area
46
Nasus
This is the "bridge" of the nose; there are two bones (left and right nasal bones)
47
Ala of nose
The fleshy portions of the nose that you pinch when you want to close your nostrils
48
Nasolabial sulcus
The crease that extends from the corner of the lips to the area near the ala of the nose
49
Philtrum
The depression located in the area that extends from the center, inferior edge of the nose to the center of the upper lip
50
Columella nasi
The fleshy tissue that is between the two nostrils.
51
Vermillion border
The very edge of the upper and lower lips
52
Oris
The entire mouth
53
Otic
The entire ear
54
Ocular
The entire eye
55
Mentis
The chin; the mandible is the bone of the lower jaw but the mentis is the superficial, anterior region of the mandible
56
Occipital
The posterior region of the skull
57
Zygomatic
These are the cheekbones
58
Buccal
The lateral aspects of our face typically called our cheeks
59
Cervical
The entire neck area
60
Laryngeal prominence
This is called the adams apple
61
Anterior Cavity
Includes the thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, and the pelvic cavity
62
Posterior Cavity
Includes the spinal cavity and the cranial cavity
63
Spinal Cavity
contains the spinal cord
64
Cranial Cavity
Contains the brain
65
Thoracic Cavity
Consists of pleural cavities, mediastinal cavity, pericardial cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity
66
Pleural cavities
Contains the right and left lung
67
Mediastinal Cavity
The cavity located between the two pleural cavities, contains the thymus gland
68
Pericardial cavity
Contains the heart
69
Abdominal Cavity
Contains the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, and appendix
70
Pelvic Cavity
contains the urinary bladder
71
Right Upper Quadrant
Liver, gallbladder, and part of the transverse colon
72
Left Upper Quadrant
Stomach, spleen, and part of the transverse colon
73
Right Lower Quadrant
Cecum, portion of ascending colon, and appendix
74
Left Lower Quadrant
Descending colon and sigmoid colon
75
Epigastric
Epigastric area is the upper abdomen, just below the ribs and above the belly button
76
Umbilical
Most of the small intestine
77
Hypogastric
Ileum and urinary bladder
78
Right Hypochondriac
Right lobe of the liver
79
Left Hypochondriac
The left hypochondriac region is a part of the abdomen that contains components of the stomach, top of the left lobe of the liver, the left kidney, the spleen and tail of the pancreas, parts of the small intestine and components of the transverse and descending colon
80
Right Lumbar
Ascending Colon
81
Left Lumbar
Descending colon
82
Right inguinal
Cecum
83
Left inguinal
Sigmoid colon
84
Frontal Cut
A longitudinal cut that divides the body, organ, or tissue into anterior and posterior portions
85
Sagittal
A longitudinal cut that divides the body, organ, or tissue into right and left portions
86
Transverse
A cut that seperates the superior part of the body, organ, or tissue from the inferior part
87
Oblique
Making a dissectional cut at an angle across a tissue; an oblique cut is at a significant angle whereas a transverse cut is not at an angle
88
Superficial
on the surface or near the surface
89
Deep
Deeper into the body; going deeper from the superficial
90
Intermediate
Tissue located somewhere between two other pieces of tissue; tissue located somewhere between superficial and deep
91
Flex
Decreases the angle at the joint
92
Extend
Increases the angle at the joint
93
Abduct
To take away from the body; move the arm laterally
94
Adduct
To add back to the body; move the arm medially
95
Supinate
Flex the lower arm at a 90 degree angle and have the palms face toward the ceiling; you can hold a cup of soup
96
Pronate
The lower arm is at a 90 degree angle; rotate the lower arm so the palms are facing the floor
97
