Unit Three- Biotechnology

Question 1

What is PCR and what does it mimic

Answer 1

polymerase chain reaction, similar to DNA replication

Question 2

what is the first step of PCR

Answer 2

denaturation
-temp increased to separate DNA strand (break hydrogen bonds)

Question 3

what is the second step to PCR

Answer 3

annealing
-temp drops
-DNA primers anneal 3’ end

Question 4

what is the third step of PCR

Answer 4

extension
-taq polymerase builds complimentary strands using free nucleotides extracted from thermus aquaticus

Question 5

what is the fourth step in PCR exponential amplification

Answer 5

-process repeated

Question 6

what is polymorphism

Answer 6

-differences in DNA sequences
-same species carry same genes
-different alleles

Question 7

where does polymorphism occur

Answer 7

exons

Question 8

what is gel electrophoresis

Answer 8

-fragments separated based on size and charge
-the fragments cut up DNA are compared to a known marker

Question 9

DNA digested with restrictions endonucleases

Answer 9

-cut DNA at specific palindromic points
-left with sticky ends or blunt ends