Unit 9.1 Flashcards
What’s the difference between Prokaryote and Eukaryote?
DNA isn’t free floating in a Eukaryote because it has a nucleus. Eukaryotes also just generally have more organells like lysosomes, vesicles, and chloroplast.
What are some similarities in the structures of bacteria vs plant vs animal cells?
They all have cell membranes, ribosomes, cytoplasm, and some form of DNA.
What are some differences in the structures of bacteria vs plant vs animal cells?
Animal and plant cells both have a nucleolus, nucleus, mitochondria, ER, Golgi, and Vesicles. Plant cells also have a cell wall along with bacterial cells.
What are some cell structures that all cells have and what are their functions?
All cells have a cell membrane which is like the barrier that keeps all the organelles inside. They also have cytoplasm which is all the space inside the cell membrane. They also have ribosomes and DNA, which code for the cell and also help make energy/proteins.
What is the benefits and negatives of having a prokaryote cell plan?
It is very quick and efficent and gets the job done. It also keeps this simpler so less things can go wrong. On the other hand it is not able to produce anything very complex other then just the simple things a cell makes.
What is the benefits and negatives of having a eukaryote cell plan?
The benefits are that a eukaryote cell can produce many complex functions and proteins due to its large number of organelles. On the other hand, due to these many processes, there are many things that can go wrong. It also takes longer to produce things because of all the steps.
How do different types of cells get rid of waste?
In all of them the small waste goes out through the cell membrane. Large waste on the other hand gets digested by different things like lysosomes, vacuole and enzymes floating around.
How do different types of cells serve as a container?
They all have a cell membrane that lets things go in and out. Bacteria may sometimes have two layers of cell membrane. Plant cells also have a cell wall. Animal and plant cells also have membranes inside the cell.
How do different types of cells contain a set of instructions?
They all have DNA that replicates itself and genes. The only difference is whether the DNA is in the nucleus or not.
How do different types of cells read the instructions?
They all have the proteins do the work while genes have the information to make them. They then each make a cope then join a ribosome then the cytoskeleton. The differences is how the proteins are distributed; with or without vesicles.
How do different types of cells get and use energy?
They all use proteins, oxygen, and release CO2 and ATP. The only difference is how the cell makes the energy, whether by mitochondria or chloroplast.
Describe the steps and organelles involved in the making and distributing of proteins
It starts at the Rough ER where the proteins made by the ribosomes are then transported by vesicles to the Golgi AP where they are processed and sent by more vesicles to wherever they are supposed to go.
Explain why some cells would have more of one type of organelle than other cells
For example the liver will have more smooth ER then rough because the livers job is to process and detoxify incoming products. Muscles on the other hand would have more rough ER because muscles need a lot of proteins.
