Unit 10.1 Flashcards
What is the order of events of the cell cycle stages?
G1 (Cell increases in size and prepares to replicate DNA), S (DNA is monitored and replicated to make two complete sets of chromosomes), G2 (Cell continues to grow and prepares for cell division), M (Cell divides and either dies, divides, or differenetiates, GO (Cell leaves when it is fully differentiated or cannot divide).
What are examples and roles of stimulatory proteins?
These are proteins that activate cyclins and allow things to start. Ex.APC/C, Growth factors, cyclins
What are examples and roles of inhibitory proteins?
These are proteins that prevent the activation of CDK cyclins. Ex. p53, Rb, ATM, Tumor Suppressor genes.
What is the definition of proto-oncogenes?
These are proteins that stimulate the cell cycle
What are examples of proto-oncogenes?
Growth factors and their receptors, and other signal factors.
What is the definition of Tumor suppressor genes?
These are genes that inhibit the cell cycle and cause it to not function correctly.
What are examples of Tumor suppressor genes?
p53, BRCA1, Rb, BRCA2
Compare parts of the cell cycle
G1 and G2 are similar because they both have to do with growing and preparing the cell for an event to happen. The S and M phase are also similar because they are both making another of something already created.
Contrast parts of the cell cycle
G1 and the M phase are very different because one is growing the cell and the other is splitting it. On the other hand, inhibitors and stimulation proteins are part of the process but they are very different and do opposite jobs.
Why do mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes lead to cancer?
This is because they lose control like flooring the gas and have an obsessive growth of cells, which leads to cancer.
