Unit 8.3 Flashcards
What is the definition of transcription?
Making Rna from DNA code
What is the definition of central dogma?
It is the DNA blueprint for replication.
What are the base pairing rules for RNA?
A-U and G-C
What are some differences between DNA and RNA?
DNA: Deoxyribose sugar, T-base, Double helix, storehouse of instructions.
RNA: Ribose sugar, U-base, single strand, synthesis of proteins.
What are some similarities between DNA and RNA?
Phosphate group, nitrogenous base, sugar, A C G bases, and make base pairs.
What is the Enhancer?
This enzyme is an additional binding site for transcription factors and acts as a switch that controls how much RNA is made form a gene.
What is the Promoter?
The Promoter enzyme is the start site of transcriptions and contains a TATA box. It also signals transcription factors and then RNA polymerase attach to it.
What are Exons?
Exons are a sequence that will be present in the mRNA
What are Introns?
Introns will are parts that will be sliced out and removed during the termination process.
What is the Initiation stage of transcription?
This is when transcription factors bind to promoter/Enhancer and attract RNA pol to being copying gene sequence.
What is the Elongation stage of transcription?
This is when RNA pol breaks free of the TF and a protective 5’ cap is added. As the RNA pol copies the DNA other proteins are recruited to splice out the Introns.
What is the Termination stage of transcription?
This is when at the very end of the polyadenylation site, the termination sequence is recongized and cut. A polyA tail is then added to the end of the RNA molecule.
Explain what happens during the splicing process?
During the splicing process the unnessacary introns get edited out.
Explain what happens during the alternative splicing process?
This is when the introns still get spliced out but the Exons form different combinations. This allows for many different types of proteins.
