Unit 8: Review Flashcards
Psychological Disorder
A syndrome marked by a clincally significant disturbannce in an individual’s cognition, emotion, regulation, or behavior
ADHD
A psychological disorder marked by one or more three key symptoms; extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impylsivity.
Medical Model
The concept that psychological disorders have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases, cured
Biosychosocial approach
All behavior, whether normal or disordered, arises from the interaction of nature and nurture
DSM-5
Describes criteria for diagnosis and defines who is eligible for treatments
What makes people more susceptible to developing psychological disorders?
Factors such as family disorganization, low socioeconomic status, and poor work skills and habits
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
A person is unexplainably and continually tense and uneasy
Panic Disorder
A person experiences suddeen episodes of intense dread (panic attacks)
Phobias
A person is intensely annd irrationally afraid of a specific object or situation
Agoraphobia
The fear or avoidance of situations in which escape may be difficult when panic strikes
Social Anxiety Disorder
An intense fear of being scrutinized by others
OCD
Unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessiions) and/or actions (compulsions)
PTSD
Characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawl, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic expereince
Posttramautic Growth
Describes those who have experienced tramatic events, but, instead of developing PTSD, they experience a positive psychological change
Learning Perspective
Anxieties are learned thorugh conditioning by being reinforced by a person avoiding or escaping a feared situation
Biological Perspective
Fears and anxieties we develop are due to our species history of learning to avoid things to aid survival
Mood disorders
Characterized by extreme emotions
Major Depressive Disorder
Where one experiences prolonged hopelessness andd lethargy
Bipolar Disorder
Alternating between depression and mania
Anxiety vs. Depression
Anxiety - response to the threat of future loss
Depression - response to past and current loss
Men vs. Women (depression)
Women are twice as likely to be depressed. Preadolescent girls and boys have the same chance of being derpressed
Biological view on depression
Mood disorders run in familes
Social-Cognitive view on depression
Depressed people view life with negative assumptions about themselves