Unit 4: How to Train a Brain (Crash Course) Flashcards
Ivan Pavlov
Most famous for his dog experiments, his work contributed to behaviorism and he won Russia’s first Nobel prize for studying stomachs
Learning
The process of acquiring, through experience, new and relatively enduring information or behaviors
Associative Learning
When a subject links certain events, behaviors, or stimuli together in the process of conditioning. The most basic form of learning a brain can do.
Pavlov’s Dogs Unconditioned Stimulus
Food
Pavlov’s Dogs Natural Resonse
Drool
Pavlov’s Dogs Conditioned Stimulus
Bell
Pavlov’s Dogs Conditioned Response
Drool
Little Albert
Conditioned to fear white mice because of a loud noise everytime he tried to touch it
Operant Conditioning
A type of learning in which behavior is strengthed if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher
Positive Reinforcement
A positive reinforcer is a stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response
Shaping
An operant conditioning procedure in which reinforcers guide behavior towards closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior
Negative Reinforcement
Any stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response (not the same as punishment)
Primary Reinforcer
An innately reinforcing stimulus that satisfies a biological need
Conditioned Reinforcer
A stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer
Extinction
When a conditioned stimulus no longer causes a response due to lack of unconditioned stimulus
