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Psych 24-25 > unit 7 pt. 1 > Flashcards

unit 7 pt. 1 Flashcards

1
Q

glucose

A

the form of sugar that ciculates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. when its level is low, we feel hunger

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2
Q

Appetite hormones that increase hunger

A

-ghreline: hormone secreted by empty stomach (the little gremlin that gave you hunger)
-orexin: hunger-triggering hormone secreted by hypothalamus

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3
Q

appetite hormones that decrease hunger

A

-insulin: Hormone secreted by pancreas; controls blood glucose
-leptin: protein hormone secreted by fat cells. increase metabolism and decrease hunger ( the little leprechaun that stole your hunger)
-PYY: digestive tract hormones; sends “im not hungry” to brain

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4
Q

set point

A

the point at which your “weight thermostat” may be set. when you body falls below this weight, increased hunger and lowered metabolic rate may combine to restore lost weight

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5
Q

basal metabolic rate

A

the body’s resting rate of energy output

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6
Q

carbs boost what neurotransmitter

A

serotonin (calming effect)

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7
Q

physiology of hunger

A

stomach contractions (pangs) send signals to the brain making us aware of our hunger

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8
Q

which psychologist removed rats stomachs, and what did the find

A

-Tsang
- rats still ate food, so hunger must not only be coming from the stomach

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9
Q

obesity

A

defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher (over weight is >25)

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10
Q

sexual responce stages

A

the four stages of sexual responding described by Masters and Johnson- excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution

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11
Q

refractory period

A

in human sexuality, a resting period that occurs after orgasm, during which a person cannot achieve another orgasm

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12
Q

affiliation-need

A

the need to build relationships and to feel part of a group

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13
Q

neophobia

A

the fear of trying new things

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14
Q

what does the lateral hypothalamus do for hunger

A

brings on hunger

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15
Q

what does the ventromedial hypothalamus do fro hunger

A

suppresses hunger

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16
Q

bulimia nervose

A

a disorder characterized by lots of overeating, followed by vomiting, using laxatives, fasting, or excessive exercise

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17
Q

Zajone and LeDoux

A

sometimes emotional response takes neural shortcut that bypasses the cortex and goes directly to the amygdala

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18
Q

display rule

A

-the idea that we have rules on how we can display emotion
- Ekman’s

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19
Q

Lazarus

A

-brain processes much info w/o conscious awareness, but mental functioning still takes place
-Emotions arise when an event is appraised as harmless or dangerous

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20
Q

what are the 10 basic emotions according to Carrol Izard

A

-Joy, Interest excitement, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, contempt, fear, shame, guilt

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21
Q

ostracism

A

-deliberate social exclusion of individuals or groups

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22
Q

narcissism

A

excessive self love and self absorption

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23
Q

Achievement motivation

A

-a desire for significant accomplishment, for mastery of skills or ideas, for control, and for attaining a high standard

24
Q

grit

A

-in psychology, passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals

25
emotion
-a response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience
26
james-langer theory
- the theory that our of emotion is our awareness of our physiological response to an emotion-arousing stimulus: stimulus-aroual-emotion
27
cannon-Bard theory
-the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological response and (2) the subjective experience of emotion
28
two-factor theory
-the Schachter-singer theory that to experience emotion, one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal
29
facial feedback effect
-the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feeling such as fear, anger, or happiness
30
behavior feedback effect
-the tendency of behavior to influence our own and others thoughts, feelings, and actions
31
stress
-the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging
32
general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
-Selye's concept of the body's adaptive response to stress in three phases: alarm, resistance, exhaustion
33
tend-and-befriend response
-under stress, people (especially woman) often provide support to others (tend) and bond with and seek support from others (befriend)
34
health psychology
-a subfield of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to behavioral medicine
35
psychoneuroimmunology
-the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health
36
coronary heat disease
-the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries
37
type A personality
-Friedman and Rosenman's term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger prone people -more prone to heart attacks
38
type B personality
-Friedman and Rosenman's term for easy going, relaxed people
39
catharsis
-in psychology, the idea that "releasing" aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges -proven wrong. anger leads to more anger
40
aerobic exercise
-sustained exercise that increases heart and lung fitness; also helps alleviate depression and anxiety
41
mindfulness meditation
-a reflective practice in which people attend to current experiences in nonjudgmental and accepting manner
42
feel-good do-good phenomenon
-peoples tenancy to be helpful when in a good mood
43
positive psychology
-the scientific study of human flourishing, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive
44
subject well-being
-self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. used along with measures of objective wellbeing (for ex. physical and economic indicators) to evaluate peoples quality of life
45
adaption-level phenomenon
-our tendency to form judgements (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our prior experience
46
relative deprivation
-the perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself
47
spill over effect
-arousal from a soccer game can cause a riot
48
what does stress become if it prolonged
-chronic stress
49
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
-psychological disorder characterized by episodes of anxiety, sleeplessness, and nightmares resulting from disturbing past event
50
post-traumatic growth (PTG)
-positive growth may follow a traumatic event
51
how does stress effect aging
-telomeres shorten with age and stress shortens them
52
what does the fight or flight response release
-epinephrine and norepinephrine (hormones)
53
what are the 3 types of conflict
-Approach/Approach -Avoidance/Avoidance -Approach/Avoidance
54
what is Approach/Approach
-you are attracted to two incompatible goals at the same time
55
what is Avoidance/Avoidance
-having to choose between two unattractive goals or things
56
what is Approach/Avoidance
-you are both repelled by and attracted to the same goal
57

Psych 24-25 (18 decks)

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