Neuron/nervous System (unit 2 Pt 1) Flashcards
Presynaptic
Sending neuron
Post synaptic
Receiving neuron
Action potential
An short electrical charge that travels down the axon
Synapse
The junction between the axon tip (or terminal buttons) of the sending neuron and the dendrites of the receiving neuron
Glial cells
Cells in the nervous system the support and protect neurons and play a part in memory
Agonist
A molecule that increases a neurotransmitter’s action
Antagonists
Blocks neurotransmitters
Myelin sheath
A protective cover on axons that help transmissions go faster
Threshold
The level of stimulus required to fire a neuron
Neurotransmitters
Chemicals released from sending neurons across the cleft (synapse)
Re-uptake
Neurotransmitters being picked back up by the sending neuron
Sensory neurons
Afferent neurons that carry messages inward from the skin to the brain+spinal cord
Motor neurons
Efferent neurons that carry messages from the CNS outward to the muscles and glands
Interneurons
Information that is processed between sensory input and motor output. Happens inside spinal cord+brain
Sympathetic nervous system
A division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy
Parasympathetic
A division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body conserving its energy
Nervous system
The body’s fast electrochemical communication system
CNS (central nervous system)
The brain and spinal cord
PNS (peripheral nervous system)
The sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
Endocrine system
The body’s slow chemical communication through sets of glands that secrete hormones
Adrenal glands
A pair of endocrine glands that sit just above the kidney and secrete adrenaline and noradrenaline that help around the body in times of stress
Pituitary gland
The endocrine systems most important gland. It’s in the middles of the brain controls by the hypothalamus and it regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands
Autonomic nervous system
Controls glands and internal organs.
Somatic nervous system
Voluntary control of our skeletal muscles
