Unit 7 (Disorders & Treatment) Flashcards
Anxiety Disorders
Psychology disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety
Panic Disorder
An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minnutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pains, choking, or other frightening sensations
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal
Phobic Disorder
An anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity or situation
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (Obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions)
Somatoform Disorders
Psychological disorder are those that have some type of bodily symptom (soma = body) but don’t appear to have any physical cause
Hypochodriasis
A somatoform disorder in which a person interprets normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease
Conversions Reactions
A rare somatoform disorder in which a person experiences a stressful event that manifests into a physical disorder
Schizophrenic Disorders
A group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions
Irrational Thought
Often Distorted by false beliefs called delusions, disorganized thoughts result from a breakdown in selective attention
Deterioration of Adaptive Behavior
Have hallucinations, seeing, feeling, tasting, or smelling thing that are there. Routine function is being disturbed
Distorted Perception
Most often, hallucinations are auditory, frequently voices making insulting remarks or giving orders
Disturbed Emotion
Motor behavior becomes inappropriate. Perform senseless, compulsive acts. Catatonia: Remain motionless for hours
Paranoid
Preoccupations with delusions or hallucinations, often with themes of persecution or grandiosity
Catatonic
Immobility (or excessive, purposeless movement) extreme negativism, and/or parrot like repeating of another’s speech or movements
Disorganized
Disorganized speech or behavior; or flat or inappropriate emotion
Undifferentiated
Many and varied symptoms
Mood (Affective) Disorders
Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes
Depressive
A mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness, and diminished interest or pleasure in most activities
Bipolar
A mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania
Personality Disorders
Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning
Borderline Personality Disorder
Characterized by mood instability and poor self-image (prone to constant mood swings and bouts of anger). Take their anger out on themselves, quick to become angry when expectations aren’t met
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Constant attention seekers. Often interrupting others in conversation in order to dominate conversation
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Characterized by a distrust of others and a constant suspicion that people around you have sinister motives. Search for hidden meanings & read hostile intentions into the actions of others. Appear cold and distant to others (shift blame)
Asocial Personality Disorder
Characterized by a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation. Avoid social interactions for fear of being ridiculed or humiliated
Antisocial Personality Disorder
A personality disorder in which the person exhibits a lack of conscience for wrong doing, even towards friends and family. May be aggressive and ruthless. Prone to criminal behavior
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Characterized by self-centeredness. Exaggerate their achievements, expecting other to recognize them as superiority. Choosy about picking friends and uninterested in the feelings of others
Psychological Disorders
A sexual dis function that is due to psychological causes rather than physical problems
Fetishes
Sexual interested in some body part (inappropriate)
Homosexual was considered a disorder until
1973
Dissociative Disorders
Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous membranes, thoughts and feelings
Dissociative/Psychogenic Amnesia
Characterized by a blocking out of critical personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature. Does not result from other medical trauma
Dissociative/Psychogenic Fugue
One or more episodes of amnesia in which the inability to recall some or all of one’s past and either the loss of one’s identity or the information of a new identity occur w/ sudden, unexpected, purposeful travel away from home
Multiple Personality
A rare dissocative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. Formerly called multiple personality disorder
Depresonalization
Depersonalization is the feeling of being disengaged and withdrawn from yourself and your surroundings. The world around you feels surreal. As if you are watching everything happen to you but have no control. While these feelings can emerge anytime, they generally happen to someone who has experienced trauma, such as the death of a loved one, and is having difficultly handling it.
Insight Therapies
A variety of therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing the clients’ awareness of underlying motives and defenses
Psychoanalysis
Freud believed the patients free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences- and the therapists interpretations of them- released previously repressed feeling, allowing the patient to gain self-insight
Client-Centered Therapy
A humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapists uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting emphatic environment to facilitate clients growth
Cognitive Therapy
Therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions
Group Therapy
Therapy that treats the family as a system. Views on individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members
Behavior Therapies
Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors
Systematic Desensitization
A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety- triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias
Aversion Therapy
A type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such a drinking alcohol)
Social Skills Training
Improves interpersonal interactions through modeling (role play)
Biofeedback
A bodily function (heart) is monitored and that information is fed back to you
Token Economy
People earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the token for valued privileges or treats
Bio-medical Therapies
Prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patients nervous system
Anti-anxiety Drug
Drugs used to control anxiety and agitation. Includes valium and librium (depress nervous system activity)
Anti-psychotic Drug
Drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder
Anti-depressant
Drugs used to treat depression; also increasingly prescribed for anxiety. Different types work by altering the availability of various neurotransmitters
Lithium
Effective mood stabler drug for those suffering the emotional highs and lows of bipolar disorder
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
A bio-medical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient
Eclectic Approach
Popular form of therapy it is basically a smorgasbord where the therapist combines techniques from different schools of psychology
Psychosurgery
surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior
Egas Moniz developed..
Lobotomy in the 1930s
Rational Emotive Therapy
Developed by Albert Ellis
