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Ap Psychology > Unit 6 Test Terms (Sensation & Perception) > Flashcards

Unit 6 Test Terms (Sensation & Perception) Flashcards

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1
Q

Sensation

A

Receiving sensory input

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2
Q

Psycho physics

A

Relationship between input and experience

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3
Q

Stimulus

A

The input or information

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4
Q

Intesity

A

Amount of Stimulus

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5
Q

Threshold

A

Point of Detection (When you notice the stimulus)

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6
Q

Absolute Threshold

A

The smallest amount of a stimulus you can detect at least 50% of the time

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7
Q

Just Noticeable Differences (JND)

A

Change in Intensity. How much change before you notice?

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8
Q

Weber’s Law

A

JND Theory Intesity of stimulus is related to the amount of change to the intesity As intesity increases, the JND increases as well

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9
Q

Fechner’s Law

A

JND Theory Diminishing returns Constantly increasing intensity by the same amount increases the JND

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10
Q

Subliminal Perception

A

Unconscious perception (Movie theater shows quick pic of popcorn, you’ll begin to want it later on)

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11
Q

Sensory Adaption

A

More exposure=Less Sensitivity (The more time you spend in cold water, you’ll get used to it)

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12
Q

Signal Detection Theory

A

Expansion of Absolute Threshold Conflict of Stimuli How do you separate one stimuli from another

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13
Q

3 Factors of Signal Detection Theory

A

Type, Sensitivity, Cognitive

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14
Q

Selective Attention

A

Only focus on certain stimuli

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15
Q

Cocktail Party Effect

A

Your ability to focus on one conversation despite competing voices

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16
Q

The Visual System

A

The Dominant Sense

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17
Q

Light

A

Stimulus for Vision Visible electromagnetic waves

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18
Q

Wavelength

A

Color, Distance between peaks

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19
Q

Amplitude

A

Intensity, Height of waves

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20
Q

Ultraviolet

A

Too short for human response

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21
Q

Infrared

A

Too long for human response

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22
Q

Cornea

A

Outer Covering

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23
Q

Iris

A

Colored muscle around the pupil

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24
Q

Pupil

A

The center of the eye Controls light

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25
Q

Lens

A

Focuses light on Retina

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26
Q

Retina

A

Converts light into images

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27
Q

Accommodation

A

How the lens adjusts

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28
Q

Nearsightedness

A

fattens closer objects

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29
Q

Farsightedness

A

Flattens distant objects

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30
Q

Visual Receptors

A

Cells sensitive to light

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31
Q

Cones

A

Color vision, Sharpness, Daylight, Inside the Fovea

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32
Q

Foeva

A

Center of the Retina, Sharpest Vision

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33
Q

Rods

A

Black & White Vision Peripheral Vision Low light Outside the Foeva

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34
Q

Optic Disk or Blindspot

A

Insensitive to light No rods or cones Optic nerve exits retina

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35
Q

Color Vision

A

Three primary colors (Trichromatic Color Theory: Red, Green, Blue)

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36
Q

The Best Mix- The Three Attributes of Color

A

Hue or Wavelength, Brightness, Saturation( How pure is the color, No white-Fully saturated)

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37
Q

How do we see colors?

A

Absorption and Reflection Black (Total Absorption) White (Total Reflection)

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38
Q

Color Blindness

A

Inability to perceive differences between colors

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39
Q

Three types of Color Blindness

A

Red-Green, Blue-Yellow, No Colors (Very Rare)

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40
Q

Taste

A

Gustatory System Taste Buds- Receptor Cells Primary Tastes (1-Bitter, 2-Sour. 3-Salty, 4-Sweet)

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41
Q

Umami

A

Savory

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42
Q

Smell

A

Olfactory, Cilia

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43
Q

Touch

A

Somatosensory System Cutaneous or Skin

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44
Q

What Perception is not

A

Sensation

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45
Q

Perception is

A

Sensory input plus interpretation and is fluid, not static

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46
Q

Feature Analysis

A

Assembling elements into a whole

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47
Q

Bottom-Up Processing

A

Raw Data into something you recognize

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48
Q

Top Down Processing

A

Go beyond the data Prior knowledge and expectations Making inferences

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49
Q

Gestalt Psychology

A

Unified or Whole Brain prefers to perceive whole or complete images It fits in with our experiences

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50
Q

Perceptual Constancy

A

Perception stays the same despite changing sensory input

51
Q

Depth Perception

A

Determination of distance and three-dimensionality

52
Q

Binocular Cues

A

Requires botha eyes Near SPACE Produces Depth

53
Q

Retinal Disparity

A

Two retinas, two image Together they create 3D

54
Q

Monocular Cues

A

Requires one eye Effective for judging distance Diminished Retinal Disparity

55
Q

Motion Parallax

A

Color objects appear to be faster Slower objects farther away

56
Q

Linear Perspective

A

Parallel lines converges The Closer the lines, the father the distance

57
Q

Relative Size

A

Closer objects look bigger Further objects look smaller

58
Q

Texture Gradient

A

Closer objects have more detail Less detail means farther away

59
Q

Optical Illusion

A

Incorrect Perception, Conflict between perception and reality

60
Q

Receiving sensory input

A

Sensation

61
Q

Relationship between input and experience

A

Psycho physics

62
Q

The input or information

A

Stimulus

63
Q

Amount of Stimulus

A

Intesity

64
Q

Point of Detection (When you notice the stimulus)

A

Threshold

65
Q

The smallest amount of a stimulus you can detect at least 50% of the time

A

Absolute Threshold

66
Q

Change in Intensity. How much change before you notice?

A

Just Noticeable Differences (JND)

67
Q

JND Theory Intesity of stimulus is related to the amount of change to the intesity As intesity increases, the JND increases as well

A

Weber’s Law

68
Q

JND Theory Diminishing returns Constantly increasing intensity by the same amount increases the JND

A

Fechner’s Law

69
Q

Unconscious perception (Movie theater shows quick pic of popcorn, you’ll begin to want it later on)

A

Subliminal Perception

70
Q

More exposure=Less Sensitivity (The more time you spend in cold water, you’ll get used to it)

A

Sensory Adaption

71
Q

Expansion of Absolute Threshold Conflict of Stimuli How do you separate one stimuli from another

A

Signal Detection Theory

72
Q

Type, Sensitivity, Cognitive

A

3 Factors of Signal Detection Theory

73
Q

Only focus on certain stimuli

A

Selective Attention

74
Q

Your ability to focus on one conversation despite competing voices

A

Cocktail Party Effect

75
Q

The Dominant Sense

A

The Visual System

76
Q

Stimulus for Vision Visible electromagnetic waves

A

Light

77
Q

Color, Distance between peaks

A

Wavelength

78
Q

Intensity, Height of waves

A

Amplitude

79
Q

Too short for human response

A

Ultraviolet

80
Q

Too long for human response

A

Infrared

81
Q

Outer Covering

A

Cornea

82
Q

Colored muscle around the pupil

A

Iris

83
Q

The center of the eye Controls light

A

Pupil

84
Q

Focuses light on Retina

A

Lens

85
Q

Converts light into images

A

Retina

86
Q

How the lens adjusts

A

Accommodation

87
Q

fattens closer objects

A

Nearsightedness

88
Q

Flattens distant objects

A

Farsightedness

89
Q

Cells sensitive to light

A

Visual Receptors

90
Q

Color vision, Sharpness, Daylight, Inside the Fovea

A

Cones

91
Q

Center of the Retina, Sharpest Vision

A

Foeva

92
Q

Black & White Vision Peripheral Vision Low light Outside the Foeva

A

Rods

93
Q

Insensitive to light No rods or cones Optic nerve exits retina

A

Optic Disk or Blindspot

94
Q

Three primary colors (Trichromatic Color Theory: Red, Green, Blue)

A

Color Vision

95
Q

Hue or Wavelength, Brightness, Saturation( How pure is the color, No white-Fully saturated)

A

The Best Mix- The Three Attributes of Color

96
Q

Absorption and Reflection Black (Total Absorption) White (Total Reflection)

A

How do we see colors?

97
Q

Inability to perceive differences between colors

A

Color Blindness

98
Q

Red-Green, Blue-Yellow, No Colors (Very Rare)

A

Three types of Color Blindness

99
Q

Gustatory System Taste Buds- Receptor Cells Primary Tastes (1-Bitter, 2-Sour. 3-Salty, 4-Sweet)

A

Taste

100
Q

Savory

A

Umami

101
Q

Olfactory, Cilia

A

Smell

102
Q

Somatosensory System Cutaneous or Skin

A

Touch

103
Q

Sensation

A

What Perception is not

104
Q

Sensory input plus interpretation and is fluid, not static

A

Perception is

105
Q

Assembling elements into a whole

A

Feature Analysis

106
Q

Raw Data into something you recognize

A

Bottom-Up Processing

107
Q

Go beyond the data Prior knowledge and expectations Making inferences

A

Top Down Processing

108
Q

Unified or Whole Brain prefers to perceive whole or complete images It fits in with our experiences

A

Gestalt Psychology

109
Q

Perception stays the same despite changing sensory input

A

Perceptual Constancy

110
Q

Determination of distance and three-dimensionality

A

Depth Perception

111
Q

Requires both eyes Near SPACE Produces Depth

A

Binocular Cues

112
Q

Two retinas, two image Together they create 3D

A

Retinal Disparity

113
Q

Requires one eye Effective for judging distance Diminished Retinal Disparity

A

Monocular Cues

114
Q

Color objects appear to be faster Slower objects farther away

A

Motion Parallax

115
Q

Parallel lines converges The Closer the lines, the father the distance

A

Linear Perspective

116
Q

Closer objects look bigger Further objects look smaller

A

Relative Size

117
Q

Closer objects have more detail Less detail means farther away

A

Texture Gradient

118
Q

Incorrect Perception, Conflict between perception and reality

A

Optical Illusion

119
Q

Distal Stimulus

A

any physical object or event in the external world that reflects light

120
Q

Proximal Stimulus

A

the light reflected off a physical object in the external world; this light excites the receptors on our eyes, creating an internal sensory response

121
Q

Middle Ear

A

The chamber between the eardrum and cochea containing three tiny bones (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochle’s oval windows

122
Q

Cochlea

A

A coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses

123
Q

Reversible Figure

A

an ambiguous two-dimensional drawing that represents a three-dimensional object in such a way that it can be seen from two different perspectives. A reversible cube, for example

Ap Psychology (15 decks)

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