Unit 3 (Social Psychology)

Question 1

Two Major Schools of Thought

Answer 1

Cognitive (Thoughts) and Behaviorist (Reactions)

Question 2

Attitudes

Answer 2

Situation, Cause short-term behavior, change frequently

Question 3

Value

Answer 3

relative importance that an individual places on an item, idea, person, etc. that is part of their life

Question 4

Persuasion

Answer 4

Change attitudes

Question 5

Four factors of persuasion

Answer 5

Source, Message, Channel, Receiver

Question 6

Prejudice

Answer 6

Negative Judgement, Lack facts, Ethnocentrism

Question 7

Ethnocentrism

Answer 7

Positive attitude about your ethnic group, Negative attitude about other ethnic groups

Question 8

Causes of Prejudice

Answer 8

Competition, Personality, Aggression, Pre-Existing Prejudice, Superiority, Frustration, Lack of Education

Question 9

Attributes

Answer 9

Physical or mental characteristics, Stereotype (assigning an attribute based on race, gender or religion)

Question 10

Attribution Theory

Answer 10

a Social Psychological theory that relates to the way in which people explain their own behavior and that of others. According to this theory, people tend to attribute (or explain) psychological or external causes as the determining factor in behavior

Question 11

Two Attributions

Answer 11

Personal (Internal) & Situation (External)

Question 12

Fundamental Attribution Error

Answer 12

Two much credit to internal factors, ignoring external factors

Question 13

Conformity

Answer 13

Change in behavior and belief, indirect or perceived pressure

Question 14

Obedience (Compliance)

Answer 14

Change in external behavior, direct pressure, just going along (Obedience: someone w/ authority, Compliance: friends)

Question 15

Identification

Answer 15

Desire to be like a group

Question 16

Internalization

Answer 16

Adopting a group’s beliefs

Question 17

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Answer 17

Tension between mind and heart, Goal is to reduce tension, Peer Pressure (Choice that doesn’t require much thought)

Question 18

Group Dynamic

Answer 18

the study of how people behave in groups and how different groups interact with each other. These group processes include membership, communication, influence, leadership, conflict, and teamwork, as well as how groups change over time (how they develop and dissolve) and how individuals change within a group

Question 19

Primary Purpose of a Group

Answer 19

Goals

Question 20

Roles in Group

Answer 20

Each person has a function (Task-Oriented, Social or Maintenance, Self-Oriented or Individualistic)

Question 21

Task-Oriented

Answer 21

Concerned with the goals of the group

Question 22

Social or Maintenance

Answer 22

Concerned with social interactions in a group

Question 23

Self-Oriented or Individualistic

Answer 23

Individual goals over group goals

Question 24

Deindividuation

Answer 24

Mob mentality, Loss of individual choice, Loss of individual identity

Question 25

Social faciltation

Answer 25

presence of others influences performance, social loafing

Question 26

Altruism

Answer 26

Putting the needs of others first

Question 27

Bystander effect

Answer 27

People are less likely to help when others are around

Question 28

Diffusion of responsibilty

Answer 28

Group increases, sense of individual responsibility decrease

Question 29

Aggression

Answer 29

verbal or physical, intention to hurt or harm another person or thing

Question 30

Motivation

Answer 30

fear or frustration, produce fear, push your own agenda

Question 31

Three Distinctions of Aggression

Answer 31

Harm? Intent? Instrumental or Hostile

Question 32

Instrumental Aggression

Answer 32

Necessary

Question 33

Hostile Aggression

Answer 33

No legitimate purpose

Question 34

Human factors psychology

Answer 34

psychology and product design, make people safer and or more productive

Question 35

Industrial Psychology

Answer 35

Mental state of the worker, better morale, increased job satisfaction

Question 36

Asch Experiment

Answer 36

Comformity (Demonstrating the degree at which people’s decisions are influenced by the majority of the group)

Question 37

Stanley Milgram Experiment

Answer 37

Obedience (measured the willingness of study participants to obey an authority figure)

Question 38

65% of the Milgram study participants..

Answer 38

administered the highest amount of electricity

Question 39

Androgens are

Answer 39

the sex hormone most often linked with aggression

Question 40

Bandura

Answer 40

Believed aggression is a learned tendency

Question 41

Lorenz

Answer 41

Believed that aggression is an innate or instinctual tendency

Question 42

Social Loafing occurs when

Answer 42

one puts forth less effort on a task when in a group than when that person is alone

Question 43

Stereotype

Answer 43

A generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgenenralized) belief about a group of people)