Unit 5 (Personality) Flashcards
(125 cards)
1
Q
Behavior, Unique, Consistent
A
Personality
2
Q
stable, compels consistent action (Characteristics)
A
Traits
3
Q
Primitive Instincts, Instant Gratification, No self-control or morals (The little devil on your shoulder that makes you do all those things that feel good, even if it’s wrong)
A
ID
4
Q
Engine of the ID, Pursue pleasure, avoid pain (The principal on which ID operates
A
Pleasure Principle
5
Q
Libido (Yuk City)
A
Instinct, Biological urges, affects behaviors, sexual desires
6
Q
Superego
A
Conscience, Moral center, Self-control, Ego Ideal (Strive for perfection) (Makes us feel guilty when we do bad and good when we do good)
7
Q
Ego
A
Mediator, Pleasures ID and superego, Reality Principle, Defer gratification because of reality (Prevents us from acting on every urge)
8
Q
Conscious
A
Immediate Awareness
9
Q
Preconscious
A
Memories you can retrieve
10
Q
Unconscious
A
Not retrievable, Impacts behavior
11
Q
Defense Mechanisms
A
Unconscious, protects you from bad feelings
12
Q
Rationalization
A
Excuses (False, but plausible)
13
Q
Repression
A
Bad thoughts, buried in unconscious
14
Q
Displacement
A
Avoid source of bad feelings, less threatening substitute
15
Q
Regression
A
Immature response
16
Q
Identification
A
Find others in your situation
17
Q
Reaction Formation
A
Act against your true feelings
18
Q
Projection
A
Masking true feelings, attribute your feelings to someone else
19
Q
Sublimation
A
Making that anger or urge energy into something else
20
Q
Denial
A
“I don’t think so!”
21
Q
Psycho sexual Development
A
Development of personality through the libido (Stages during childhood and first five years are critical)
22
Q
Erogenous Zones
A
Physical source of libido gratification and frustration, conflict at each stage must be resolved
23
Q
Fixation
A
stuck on one phase, creeps into adulthood
24
Q
Freud’s Drives
A
Bad instincts, motivates behaviors
25
Eros
Life Instinct, Creativity and Productivity
26
Thanatos
Death instinct, self-destruction
27
Carl Jung
Swiss Psychologist, student of freud
28
Personal unconscious
all information that is present within an individual’s mind, but not readily available to conscious recall
29
Collective Unconscious
Cultural, Inherited Memories, Shared experiences, Psychological predispositions
30
Archetypes
In the collective unconscious, universal ideal, universal recognition (Mother, Hero, Deity)
31
Alfred Adler
Individual Psychology, Striving for Superiority (Theory), Theory of Compensation, Resignation and Overcompensation
32
Individual Psychology
Human Differences
33
Striving For Superiority
Common human motivator, challenges
34
Theory of Compensation, Resignation and OVercompensation
Facing Disadvantages, compensation=overcoming, resignation = acceptance, Overcompensation = Too much time spent
35
Karen Horney
Culture and Society create personality, The basic anxiety, Anxiety and Neurosis and Womb Envy
36
Culture and Society create personality
women who feel inferior
37
The Basic Anxiety
Loneliness and isolation, bad parents vs dependence on your parents, conflicts creates anxiety
38
Anxiety and Neurosis
Neurosis comes from anxiety over unrealistic expectations of universal needs
39
Womb Envy
Response to penis envy, Men are jealous of a woman's ability to nurture
40
Trait
Unique characteristics, continuous, describe reactions
41
Type
Collection of traits
42
Gordon Allport
Cardinal, Central and Secondary Traits
43
Cardinal Traits
Dominant trait, you are synonymous with that traits
44
Central Traits
Prominent Traits, Consistent and Common
45
Secondary Traits
Rarely Seen, Situation specific
46
Raymond Cattell
Factor Analysis, Cluster of Personality Traits, 16 Personality Factors
47
Factor Analysis
Factor analysis is a type of statistical procedure that is conducted to identify clusters or groups of related items (called factors) on a test
48
Clusters of personality traits
18,000 adjectives, 4,500 traits, 181 clusters
49
16 Personality Factors
Describes any personality
50
Hans Eysenck
Three Main Personality Factors, Personality and Genetics
51
Three Main Personality Factors
Extroversion, Neuroticism, Psychoticism
52
Personality and Genetics
Some traits are inherited
53
Walter Mischel
Environment and Experience, Importance of situational cues
54
Environment and Experience
Shapes behavior
55
Importance of situation cues
Consistency comes from situations
56
Modern Theories- They Big FIve (Dimensions of Personality)
Openness, Conscientiousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism
57
To stay postive, Avoid negative image or low self-esteem, Neurosis is internal
The Humanist Approach Definition
58
He developed Self-Concept and Incongruity
Carl Rogers
59
Self concept said..
How you view yourself, Actions to reflect self concept
60
This is reality vs self-concept
Incongruity
61
He developed Self-Actualization
Abraham Maslow
62
"reached their full potential and have become all that they can be"
Self-Actualization
63
Opposite of Humanist, Environment is the key, Neurosis is external
Behaviorist Approach Defintion
64
Developed Operand conditioning, said personality is shaped by learning and "reinforcements of consequences
B.F. Skinner
65
Personality comes from observation
Albert Bondura
66
Confidence in executing tasks resulting in the ability to try new things
Self-Efficacy
67
What does Self-Efficacy influence?
your past, similar models, social persuasion and overcoming stress
68
Class or population, General principles of behavior
Monotheistic Studies
69
Individuals, unique traits and differences
Idiographic Studies
70
Standardized test with few response choices
Objective Tests
71
An MMPI is an example of..
An Objective Test
72
Vague and ambiguous, Open Ended, Subjective and prone to bias type of test
Projective Test
73
Rorschach Ink Blot or Thematic Apperception Test are examples of..
Projective Tests
74
Instinct, Biological urges, affects behaviors, sexual desires
Libido (Yuk City)
75
Conscience, Moral center, Self-control, Ego Ideal (Strive for perfection) (Makes us feel guilty when we do bad and good when we do good)
Superego
76
Mediator, Pleasures ID and superego, Reality Principle, Defer gratification because of reality (Prevents us from acting on every urge)
Ego
77
Immediate Awareness
Conscious
78
Memories you can retrieve
Preconscious
79
Not retrievable, Impacts behavior
Unconscious
80
Unconscious, protects you from bad feelings
Defense Mechanisms
81
Excuses (False, but plausible)
Rationalization
82
Bad thoughts, buried in unconscious
Repression
83
Avoid source of bad feelings, less threatening substitute
Displacement
84
Immature response
Regression
85
Find others in your situation
Identification
86
Act against your true feelings
Reaction Formation
87
Masking true feelings, attribute your feelings to someone else
Projection
88
Making that anger or urge energy into something else
Sublimation
89
"I don't think so!"
Denial
90
Development of personality through the libido (Stages during childhood and first five years are critical)
Psycho sexual Development
91
Physical source of libido gratification and frustration, conflict at each stage must be resolved
Erogenous Zones
92
stuck on one phase, creeps into adulthood
Fixation
93
Life Instinct, Creativity and Productivity
Eros
94
Death instinct, self-destruction
Thanatos
95
Swiss Psychologist, student of freud
Carl Jung
96
Same as Freud's unconscious
Personal unconscious
97
Cultural, Inherited Memories, Shared experiences, Psychological predispositions
Collective Unconscious
98
In the collective unconscious, universal ideal, universal recognition (Mother, Hero, Deity)
Archetypes
99
Individual Psychology, Striving for Superiority (Theory), Theory of Compensation, Resignation and Overcompensation
Alfred Adler
100
Human Differences
Individual Psychology
101
Common human motivator, challenges
Striving For Superiority
102
Facing Disadvantages, compensation=overcoming, resignation = acceptance, Overcompensation = Too much time spent
Theory of Compensation, Resignation and OVercompensation
103
Culture and Society create personality, The basic anxiety, Anxiety and Neurosis and Womb Envy
Karen Horney
104
women who feel inferior
Culture and Society create personality
105
Loneliness and isolation, bad parents vs dependence on your parents, conflicts creates anxiety
The Basic Anxiety
106
Neurosis comes from anxiety over unrealistic expectations of universal needs
Anxiety and Neurosis
107
Response to penis envy, Men are jealous of a woman's ability to nurture
Womb Envy
108
Unique characteristics, continuous, describe reactions
Trait
109
Collection of traits
Type
110
Cardinal, Central and Secondary Traits
Gordon Allport
111
Dominant trait, you are synonymous with that traits
Cardinal Traits
112
Prominent Traits, Consistent and Common
Central Traits
113
Rarely Seen, Situation specific
Secondary Traits
114
Factor Analysis, Cluster of Personality Traits, 16 Personality Factors
Raymond Cattell
115
Method of Organization, Reduces variables
Factor Analysis
116
18,000 adjectives, 4,500 traits, 181 clusters
Clusters of personality traits
117
Describes any personality
16 Personality Factors
118
Three Main Personality Factors, Personality and Genetics
Hans Eysenck
119
Extroversion, Neuroticism, Psychoticism
Three Main Personality Factors
120
Some traits are inherited
Personality and Genetics
121
Environment and Experience, Importance of situational cues
Walter Mischel
122
Shapes behavior
Environment and Experience
123
Consistency comes from situations
Importance of situation cues
124
Psychoanalysis
Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and conflicts; the tchniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
125
Carl Rogers
humans have a "Self-Actualizing" tendency - an innate drive that pushes the person to fulfill his potentials. A "Fully-Functioning Person" is an individual who is continually moving toward self-actualization
