Unit 6A: Motivation, Emotion, Stress

Question 1

Arousal Theory / Yerkes-Dodson Law

Answer 1

Performance/enjoyment is at its highest when we have an optimum level of arousal
- explains why some people seek stress (thrill seekers) and some do not

Question 2

Drive-Reduction Theory

Answer 2

Physical needs create tension and this motivate us to act to reduce the tension
Ex. Dehydration causes dry mouth (thirst) which motivates us to drink

Question 3

Extrinsic Motivation

Answer 3

When something outside of our control motivates our behavior

Ex. Incentives, parental approval, etc.

Question 4

Homeostasis

Answer 4

internal sense of balance. Our body tries to maintain balance, When it is off, we act to restore.
Ex. Body Temperature, blood sugar, hunger/thirst, etc.

Question 5

Incentive Theory

Answer 5

a positive or negative stimulus motivates us to act

Question 6

Instinct

Answer 6

natural pattern of UNLEARNED behavior

ex. birds build nests, dogs mark their territory, etc.

Question 7

Intrinsic Motivation

Answer 7

When we determine our own behavior based on what we enjoy, desire, etc.
Ex. Joey read a new book because he likes reading

Question 8

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Answer 8

A pyramid that explains our motivation given our needs at that time

• Starts at physiological needs (food/water), safety needs, love and belonging, self-esteem, self actualization
• once each level is satisfied we can move onto the next
• Goal is to reach self-actualization- best version of ourselves

Question 9

Self-Actualization

Answer 9

Best version of ourselves (highest stage in Maslow’s Hierarchy)

Question 10

Overjustification Effect

Answer 10

When we are incentivized for something we enjoy doing, it stops being fun
Ex. NFL players retiring early because “Football is no longer fun”

Question 11

Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion

Answer 11

Physiological response and emotion happen SIMULTANEOUSLY (Same time)

Question 12

Alarm Stage of General Adaptation Syndrome

Answer 12

Recognize a stressful stimulus- body mobilizes resources (fight or flight response

Question 13

Resistance Stage of General Adaptation Syndrome

Answer 13

Body continues to use up resources during prolonged stress

Question 14

Exhaustion Stage of General Adaptation Syndrome

Answer 14

Body’s resources are depleted after prolonged stress

• Greater chance of getting sick
• tired and without energy

Question 15

James-Lange Theory of Emotion

Answer 15

emotion happens AFTER Physiological response

Ex. We feel sad because we cry

Question 16

Schacter-Singer Two-Factor Theory of Emotion

Answer 16

We experience emotion due to 2 things: Physiological symptoms AND a cognitive thought
Ex. We feel sad because we cry AND we have a negative thought at the same time

Question 17

External Locus of Control

Answer 17

Events that happen that are beyond our control

Question 18

Internal Locus of Control

Answer 18

Events that happen because we control the outcome

Question 19

Feel Good, Do Good Phenomenon

Answer 19

People are more helpful when they have a good mood

Question 20

Approach-approach conflict

Answer 20

choosing between two attractive options

Question 21

Avoidance-avoidance conflict

Answer 21

choosing between two things you do not want (unattractive)

Question 22

Approach-avoidance conflict

Answer 22

Choosing an option that has both good and bad aspects