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HGAP Terms > Unit 6 - 1 > Flashcards

Unit 6 - 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What the classical Greeks called the permanently inhabited portion of the earth’s surface

A

Ecumene

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2
Q

Farmers and villages with low concentrations of people

A

Rural

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3
Q

Cities with high concentrations of people

A

Urban

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4
Q

Primarily residential areas near cities

A

Suburbs

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5
Q

A place with a permanent human population

A

Settlement

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6
Q

The process of developing towns and cities

A

Urbanization

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7
Q

An indicator of the proportion of the population that lives in cities and towns as compared to those that live in rural areas

A

Percent Urban

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8
Q

Describes the characteristics of the immediate location

A

Site

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9
Q

Refers to the location of a place relative to its surroundings and connectivity to other places

A

Situation

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10
Q

Consisted of an urban center and its surrounding territory and agricultural villages

A

City-State

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11
Q

Tigris-Euphrates Valley in modern Iraq
Nile River Valley and Nile Delta in modern Egypt
Indus River Valley in modern Pakistan
Huang-He floodplain in modern China
Mesoamerica in modern Mexico
Andean region of South America

A

Urban Hearth

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12
Q

Higher-density area with territory inside officially recognized political boundaries

A

City

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13
Q

Collection of adjacent cities economically connected, across which population density is high and continuous.

A

Metropolitan Area(metro area)

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14
Q

Another way to define a city. City of at least 50,000 people, the county in which it’s located, and adjacent counties that have a high degree of social and econ. integration of connection with the urban core.

A

Metropolitan Statistical Area(MSA)

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15
Q

Over 10,000 people but less than 50,000, includes the county where it’s located and surrounding counties with high degree of integration.

A

Micropolitan Statistical Area

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16
Q

Focal point in a matric of connections

A

Nodal Region

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17
Q

Physical characteristics to describe an urban area.

A

Morphology

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18
Q

(Past vocab, 1.4) Shrinking of time distance or relative distance based on improvements in transportation and internet.

A

Time-space compression

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19
Q

Geographer John Borchert

Describes urban growth based on transportation technology.

Urban history split into 4 periods: Epochs→ effects on local scale related to city’s form, size, density and spatial arrangement.

A

Borchert’s transportation model

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20
Q

Earliest urban centers. Shaped by distances people could walk.

A

Pedestrian Cities

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21
Q

Communities that grew up along rail likes, often = pinwheel shaped.

A

Streetcar Suburbs

22
Q

Process of people moving(usually from cities) to residential areas on outskirts of cities. Form communities connected to city or jobs and services.

A

Suburbanization

23
Q

Rapid expansion of the spatial extent of a city and occurs for many reasons(growth of suburbs, ↓ land costs in suburbs vs. inner cities, ↓ density single family housing, weak planning laws, ↑ growth of car culture). ↑ urban footprint. Most common in fast growing areas in the Southeast and West.

A

Sprawl

24
Q

Developers purchase land and build communities beyond the periphery of a city’s built area. Encourages sprawl.

A

Leap-frog development

25
Q

Rapidly growing communities w/ total pop. of over 100,000 people but not largest city in metro area. Develops differently than traditional cities— usually no dense urban center.

A

Boombergs

26
Q

Nodes of econ. activity that developed in the periphery of large cities. Found near key locations along transport routes that have mini downtowns.

A

Edge cities

27
Q

Urban migrants leaving city(counterflow of rural-to-urban), many to exurbs.

A

Counterurbanization(deurbanization)

28
Q

Prosperous residential districts beyond the suburbs. Growth reasons: work w/ tech = no need to commute(can live farther), relative affordability of land, cultural preferences. Residents want privacy and connections to urban center. Expansive lots and large single family homes.

A

Exurbs

29
Q

Migration of suburbs back to city

A

Reurbanization

30
Q

Pop. is greater than 10 million people.

A

Megacities

31
Q

Because of rapid growth of cities in the 21st century. Also, hypercities. Continuous urban area w/ a pop. > 20 mil. people. Attributes of a network of urban areas that have grown to form a larger interconnected urban system.

A

Metacities

32
Q

Chain of connected cities. More commonly used as a term after 1961. Cities grow until merged into conurbation. Crossed state boundaries and exceeded definition of metropolitian area while focused on one urban center.

A

Megalopolis

33
Q

Uninterrupted area of towns, suburbs, and cities.

A

Conurbation

34
Q

Central city plus land developed for commercial, industrial, or residential purposes, and includes the surrounding suburbs.

A

Urban area

35
Q

Cities that exert influence far beyond their national boundaries

A

World cities

36
Q

Ranking based on influence or population size

A

Urban hierarchy

37
Q

London, New York city, Tokyo, Japan, Paris, France, Singapore, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Berlin, Germany, Seol, South Korea, Shanghai, China

A

Top 10 cities, 2020

38
Q

Command centers on a regional, and occasionally national level

A

Nodal cities

39
Q

And interdependent set of cities that interact on the regional national in global scale

A

Urban system

40
Q

Describes one way in which the size of cities within a region may develop

A

Rank size rule

41
Q

Services are usually expensive. Need a large number of people to support and are only occasionally utilized.

A

High order services

42
Q

Services are usually less expensive require a small population to support and are used on a daily or weekly basis

A

Low order services

43
Q

The large city in an urban system is more than twice as large as the next largest city, the largest city is said to have primacy

A

Primate city

44
Q

States that larger and closer places will have more interactions, then places that are smaller and farther from

A

Gravity model

45
Q

Explains the distribution of cities of different sizes across the region

A

Central place theory

46
Q

A location where people go to receive goods and services

A

Central place

47
Q

Zone that contains people who will purchase goods, services surrounds each central place

A

Market area

48
Q

The outlying towns and small communities that rely on the central city for goods and services

A

Hinterlands

49
Q

The size of population necessary for any particular service to exist and remain profitable

A

Threshold

50
Q

The distance people will travel to obtain specific goods or services

A

Range

HGAP Terms (19 decks)

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