Chap 5 Flashcards
Permanent or semi-permanent relocation of people from one place to another
Migration
People choose to relocate
Voluntary Migration
Things that make people leave a country
Push Factors
Things that bring people into a country
Pull Factors
The most common reason for migration. Ex: Unemployment, More work
Economic Factors
People often migrate when they experience discrimination and persecution because of their ethnicity, race, gender, or religion
Social Factors
People who oppose the policies of a government because they face discrimination, arrest, and persecution
Political Factors
To escape harm from natural disasters, drought, and other unfavorable environmental conditions
Environmental Factors
Gender imbalance, the population being too young, overpopulation
Demographic Factors
Countries in stages 2 or 3 experience rapid population growth and overcrowding
Migration Transition Model
Barriers that make reaching a destination more difficult
Intervening Obstacles
Opportunities that disrupt their original migration plan (Ex - finding a job along the way)
Intervening Opportunities
Someone who observed laws and patterns of migration (Ex - short distances, urban areas, multiple steps, rural to urban, counter migration, youth, gender patterns)
Ravenstein’s law of migration
The farther apart the two places are the less likely people will migrate there
Distance Decay
The size and distance between two places will influence the number of interactions that include migration, travel, and economic activity
Gravity Model of Migration
Migrants reach their final destination through a series of small moves
Step Migration
Moving from suburbs to cities
Rural-urban Migration
Each migration flow produces a movement in the opposite direction
Counter Migration
A situation where migrants return back to their old country, by their own will, after a long period abroad
Return Migration
Migrants have no choice but to move
Forced Migration
When migrants to different parts of the same country
Internally Displaced People
People who cross international borders due to war or safety issues.
Refugees
Protection granted by one country to an immigrant from another country who has a legitimate fear of harm or death if he or she or they goes back to that country
Asylum
Movement that occurs within a country
Internal Migration
When people move from one country to another country
Transnational Migration
Explains patterns of migration and helps migrants transition into receiving countries
Chain Migration
Transnational migrator who moved due to work in the area locally. Mainly low/poor jobs.
Guest Worker
Process of herders moving their animals to different pastures during different seasons
Transhumance
Regulates the number of workers who can enter each country to work in a specific industry for a defined amount of time
Guest-Worker Policies
Policies that allow migrants to sponsor family members who migrate to the country
Family Re-unification
Strong dislike of people from another culture
Xenophobia
Money sent to family and friends in the country they left
Remittance
Migration out of a country is made up of high skilled people
Brain Drain
Neighborhoods filled with people primarily of one ethnic group (Ex: China Town, Little Italy)
Ethnic Enclaves
Millions of Americans migrated from the south to cities in the rest of the country
The Great Migration
People moving to 15 southern states and southwestern states from the north following world war 2
Sun Belt Migration
