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Surface Force IDC > Unit 5.5 Heat Stress > Flashcards

Unit 5.5 Heat Stress Flashcards

1
Q

Define Heat Stress

A
  • Any combination of air temperature, thermal radiation, humidity, airflow, and work load which stress the body as it attempts to regulate temperature
  • – Heat stress becomes excessive when the body’s capability to adjust is exceeded, resulting in an increase of body temperature; this can cause heat injury or DEATH
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2
Q

How does thermal radiation effect heat stress?

A
  • Sun
  • Heat Sources
  • – Incinerator
  • – Engines
  • – generators
  • – laundry dryers
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3
Q

How does Ventilation effect heat stress?

A
  • Forced Air Systems
  • – Intake of outside air into workspace
  • —- spot-cooling
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4
Q

How do Forced Exhaust Systems effect heat stress?

A
  • Removes stagnant or increased concentrations of hazardous fumes or contaminants
  • – Red Devil Blowers
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5
Q

How does Humidity effect heat stress?

A
  • Steam Leaks
  • Bilge Water
  • Condensation
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6
Q

How does Air/Sea Water Temperature effect heat stress?

A
  • Intake Valves that allow seawater/outside air to be utilized for cooling for shipboard equipment systems
  • – Refrigeration units
  • – Engines
  • – Generators
  • – Evaporators for fresh water consumption
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7
Q

DEFINE acclimatization

A
  • The act of becoming accustomed to temperature or new environment
  • The body becomes more efficient in coping with heat stress
  • Occurs gradually
  • – Usually within 3 weeks or more
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8
Q

Personal Factors Associated with Heat Stress

A
  • Past exposure to heat injuries will affect individuals’ ability to adapt to new situations
  • Decreases the ability to handle heat stress conditions
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9
Q

What are some health conditions that may alter physiological body changes?

A
  • G6PD
  • Sickle cell trait
  • Exercise and fluid intake dehydration
  • Medication
  • Alcohol
  • Lack of sleep
  • Drugs
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10
Q

Where are common locations of heat stress conditions?

A
  • Machinery spaces
  • Laundries
  • Sculleries (PHEL V)/Galleys
  • Incinerator room
  • Flight decks
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11
Q

LIST the contributors to heat stress conditions aboard ship

A
  • Steam and Water Leaks
  • Boiler Air Casing Leaks
  • Missing/Deteriorated Thermal Insulation
  • Ventilation Deficiencies
  • Weather Conditions
  • Arduous Operation
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12
Q

What is the Physiological Heat Exposure Limit (PHEL) Chart

A
  • A set of 6 curves that compare the WBGT index and the degree of effort or work rate to determine the maximum permissible exposure to the heat stress environment
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13
Q

Who establishes work rates on the PHEL.

A
  • Industrial Hygienist and NAVSEA when a class of ships is designed and placed into service
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14
Q

What is the Heat Stress Motorizing form?

A
  • Industrial Hygienist determines individual heat tress condition locations.
  • Commands create a locally prepared form using OPNAVINST 5100.19 as a guide for necessary information and routing instructions.
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15
Q

Describe PHEL curves assigned to Routine Operations

A
  • Light work, including sweeping down, painting, and cleaning lube oil strainers
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16
Q

Describe PHEL curves assigned to Non-Routine Operations

A
  • Use the next higher PHEL when determining stay time
  • Increase in normal watch stander work rate, and minor equipment casualty
  • – Assign stay times using PHEL VI
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17
Q

Describe PHEL curves assigned to Heavy Work Load

A
  • Examples: replacing large valves, cleaning lube oil sumps, disassembly/reassembly of large or heavy equipment
  • – Assign stay times using PHEL VI
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18
Q

Describe Stay Time (work/rest cycles)

A
  • Maximum allowable time personnel may work in heat stress conditions at a given workload
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19
Q

Describe Recovery Time

A
  • Minimum of twice the stay time as determined by the PHEL chart or 4 hours which ever is shorter
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20
Q

Describe fuel combustion gases (stack gas) and its effect on personnel

A
  • Combustion gases which may accumulate in a space due to inadequate ventilation or machinery malfunction
  • Physiological Effects on exposure to stack gas are intensified by heat stress conditions
  • Causes vasodilation on peripheral blood vessels which results in further impairment of the cardiovascular system
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21
Q

Describe the signs and symptoms of fuel combustion gases

A
  • Watery eyes
  • Dyspnea
  • Tingling or numbness of the tip of the tongue, tip of the nose, finger tips, or toes
  • Mild sensation of alcohol intoxication
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22
Q

What actions do you take if fuel combustion gases are discovered?

A
  • Reduce exposure limits if two or more of the exposure symptoms are detected
  • Determine new PHEL using Table B2-A-5 or divide current PHEL stay-time by 3
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23
Q

LIST the training requirements for the Heat Stress Program

A
  • The MDR must provide heat stress training for all newly reporting personnel during indoctrination and annually thereafter
  • – Film: Play It Cool: Heat Stress Prevention Afloat for All Hands
24
Q

At a minimum training must include what?

A
  • Hazard
  • Symptoms of Exposure
  • Heat Stress First Aid
  • Heat Stress monitoring
  • Causes of Heat Stress
25
Q

In what time frame must training be received upon assignment and where is it documented?

A
  • 12 weeks
  • Complete Heat Stress surveyor watch station 318 of the safety programs afloat personnel qualifications standards (PQS), NAVEDTRA 43704
26
Q

How do you report heat stress injuries using Accident & Injury Report

A
  • Report to the Naval Safety Center should be made using:

- – Web Enabled Safety System (WESS)

27
Q

All Navy heat stress-related injuries should be reported through what?

A
  • The Naval Disease Reporting System (NDRS)

- – Use Medical Event Report format if command does not have access to NDRS

28
Q

Who reviews all heat stress monitoring reports for inaccuracies and makes recommendations on crew health status?

A

SMDR

29
Q

Who makes notation of any existing problems and correwctive actions implemented?

A

Supervisor or Engineering Officer

30
Q

What must the heat stress surveyor check to ensure?

A

WB

31
Q

What must drill supervisors be informed of prior to drills?

A
  • Current stay times
32
Q

Who are heat stress surveys routed to?

A

XO/CO

33
Q

Routine reports with NO administrative controls are required to be submitted when?

A
  • At 8o’clock reports
34
Q

Heat stress surveys that have reduced Stay Times must be routed through who?

A
  • the chain and CO
35
Q

ALL REPORTS will be maintained by who and for how long?

A
  • SMDR, 1 year
36
Q

reports generated from where are authorized and can be maintained on file by computer storage for periodic inspection by ISIC or higher authority

A

SAMS

37
Q

What is the function of the Dry Bulb Thermometer?

A
  • Measures the ambient air temperature at work sites where heat stress conditions exist
  • Serves as an indicator for further heat stress monitoring by the use of a WBGT meter
38
Q

Explain the placement of the Dry Bulb Thermomter.

A
  • Shall be permanently mounted at watch and work stations where heat stress may exist
  • May be temporarily mounted to monitor heat conditions at temporary work sites
  • Must be properly shielded from radiant heat levels or other influencing (heat/cold) factors
39
Q

What is the accuracy requirements of the Dry Bulb Thermometer?

A
  • Must be within 5 ºF of the WBGT meter to be representative of the workspace temperature
  • If not within 5 ºF of the WBGT, the dry bulb thermometer shall be repositioned to ensure representative temperature
40
Q

What are the reading requirements of the DBT?

A
  • Every 4 hours for manned spaces if DB temperature does not exceed 85°F
  • Must be read and recorded hourly:
  • – Heat Casualties
  • – If DB temperature exceeds 85°F
41
Q

Explain recording of the DB temps.

A
  • Routine
    — Recorded on appropriate log sheet
    — Reviewed by supervisor once each watch or shift
  • High Temperatures
    — Circle in red 100ºF or higher DB temperatures
    — Notify supervisor immediately
    — Heat Stress Monitor shall monitor all workstations within that space with WBGT
    Meter
  • Heat Stress Monitoring Sheet
    — Dry Bulb Temperatures shall be recorded on the Heat Stress Monitoring Sheet
    during WBGT monitoring
42
Q

What is the function of the Heat Stress Meter?

A
  • Independently measure:
  • – Dry bulb temperature (ambient)
  • – Wet bulb temperature (humidity)
  • – Globe temperature (radiant)
  • – WGBT Index
43
Q

What is the WBGT Index equation?

A
  • (0.1 x DB)+(0.7 x WB)+(0.2 x GT)
44
Q

What is the purpose of the Heat Stress Meter?

A
  • Helps to determine the Physiological Heat Exposure Limit (PHEL) and Environmental heat stress conditions by computing the WBGT Index
45
Q

What are the two approved WGBT meter/monitors?

A
  • RSS-220 : WGBT Meter

- QUESTemp 48N Heat stress Monitor

46
Q

What are the required monitoring conditions?

A
  • PHEL I through III when watch work length is 4 hours or less and DB is equal or greater than 100°
  • PHEL I through III when watch/workstation length is greater than 4 hours and DB is equal or greater than 90°
  • PHEL IV through VI and DB is equal or greater than 85°
47
Q

What are the other required monitoring conditions?

A
  • In any space where a heat causality occurs
  • During a drill set that exceeds 3 hours in duration. (not required in areas not affected by the drill or in unmanned areas)
  • When directed by the Commanding Officer
48
Q

When is a follow on survey NOT required?

A
  • If the survey resulted in a stay-time greater than the duration of the normal watch, unless the DB temperature increases by 5 degrees from the previous survey
49
Q

When is a follow on survey required?

A
  • When a survey resulted in a PHEL stay time less than the duration of the watch/workstation time
  • – Heat Stress monitoring every hour, follow-on survey if HDB increases by 5 degrees F
  • – Temperature returns to normal
50
Q

What is the acceptable limits of a calibration check of the WBGT: RSS-220?

A
  • Acceptable range is 100.0 + or - 0.2 degrees Fahrenheit, if the meter is operating properly
51
Q

WBGT: RSS-220 survey procedures.

A
  • Place meter at watch stander’s normal working position
  • – Wait 5 minutes for the initial DB reading and wait 3 minutes for subsequent readings
  • Ensure ventilation is arranged normally to the worker and your measurement techniques reflect this
  • DB/WB sensors should face air flow
  • Hold WBGT Meter at chest level 1 foot away from the body
52
Q

QUESTemp 48N heat stress monitor procedure.

A
  • Turn the unit ON; if the battery voltage displayed during the power-on sequence is less than or equal to 6.4 volts, replace or recharge the batteries
  • Wait 10 minutes after turning the monitor for the initial reading; if meter is moved from one site to another, the meter should be at each site for 5 minutes to allow for stabilization
  • In the main menu, VIEW will be selected (an indicator arrow denotes the selected menu)
  • Press the I/O ENTER key
  • Press RUN/STOP key to begin data logging
  • Use the Arrow keys to set the display to the desired items
  • Hold meter at chest level,18” away from the body
53
Q

Explain the Automated Heat Stress System (AHSS)

A
  • Must be mounted in a position so they indicate the most accurate representative temperature for the area where workers and watch standers spend the majority of their time
  • For ships with an automated heat stress system (AHSS) installed, ensure at least two portable WBGT meters are available on board
  • Calibration is not required for the AHSS
54
Q

What information shall be recorded from all WBGT readings?

A
  • Specific locations monitored
  • Hanging DB temperature
  • WBGT Readings to include DB, WB, GT, and WBGT Index
  • Determined Exposure Limits
  • Next WBGT monitoring time
  • Availability of Potable Water
  • Manual Calculation of the WBGT Index
  • Any noted discrepancies such as missing lagging
  • Circle in red all exposure limits less than the watch period
55
Q

How is the survey routed?

A
  • Immediately notify the supervisor
  • Supervisors (DH) shall notify CO with:
  • – Condition
  • – Personal Protective Measures
  • – Action to reduce heat
  • —- These actions shall be noted on the Heat Stress Monitoring Sheet

Surface Force IDC (26 decks)

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