Unit 5 Test

Question 1

Maryland

Answer 1

• King James I granted Lord Baltimore land for settlement (1634)
• Promised freedom of worship for all

Question 2

Religious Descrimination

Answer 2

• by 1704- non-catholics passed laws discriminating against catholics
• deprived right to have churches
• hold political office
• U.S Constitution changed things

Question 3

Other Difficulties of the Church

Answer 3

• 30,000 catholics at end of American Rev
• not many priests
• poor church in America

Question 4

Leadership

Answer 4

• 1st American bishop in 1789=John Carroll
• U.S Catholics did not want a foreign bishops
• pope Pius VI authorized american priests to elect own bishop and set up dioceses

Question 5

Bishop Carroll’s Task

Answer 5

1. maintain support of American catholics
2. taking firm control of church governance
   - needed to establish order and uniformity

Question 6

Catholics in America Setting the Scene

Answer 6

• Church in England faced persecution

- Influx of immigrants

Question 7

Carroll In Action

Answer 7

-needed priests to speak the languages of the people
Carroll succeeded in planting American seeds of Catholicism:
-adopting “american style”=commitment to democracy and separation of church and state
-remained fully loyal to the pope
-grew from 30,000->200,000 by 1815

Question 8

Growth and Development of the Church

Answer 8

• three newly established seminaries
• women’s religious orders grew
• three catholic colleges for men and academics for women established

Question 9

Waves of Immigration

Answer 9

1. Irish 1830-1860
2. German 1860-1890
3. Italy and Eastern Europe 1890-1920s
   500,000-> 3 million + after Irish immigration
   -most lived in neighborhood-often slums-with others from homeland

Question 10

Anti-Catholic

Answer 10

Nativist movement-> protestant protesting against Catholic immigrants

Question 11

Know Nothing Political Party

Answer 11

• spread rumors that Vatican and Catholic immigrants were conspiring to take over US
• incited riots in cities
• fixed elections in Baltimore
• harassed conventions in Boston and Providence
• by late 1800s anti-catholic prejudice had declined
• catholics fought on both sides in the civil war->showed loyalty and patriotism
• people still afraid that a catholic would have more allegiance to the pope

Question 12

How the Catholic Church reacted to the Know Nothing’s

Answer 12

1. Parish life

2. Education

Question 13

Ethic Parishes

Answer 13

• people wanted to practice their faith as they had learned it:
  - native language
  - cultural customs
• separate parishes emerge
  
  • provided worship in own language
  • center of social life of immigrants
  • provided identity in the community
• examples: polish, Italian, Irish, German

Question 14

Catholic Education

Answer 14

• religious freedom but run by the majority in power
• public schools dominated by protestants
• catholic schools emerged
  
  • passing on the faith
  • supporting children in society
  • quality education for the poor

Question 15

Elizabeth Ann Seton

Answer 15

• first native-born american saint
• widowed convent
• started catholic school in baltimore for girls
• founded daughters/sisters of charity
• set pattern for parochial system of schools

Question 16

Augustus Tolton

Answer 16

• first black ordained priest
• discrimination in america
• rejected at american seminaries
• studied in rome
• set up black national parish in Chicago

Question 17

The Church in the Industrial Age

Answer 17

• entering the Industrial Age:
• brought major changes in manufacturing, agriculture, mining. transportation
• innovations to ease manual labor
• social and economic problems emerge

Question 18

Rerum Novarum

Answer 18

• First social encyclical
• Pope Leo XIII in 1891
• Addressed social problems brought about during Industrialization
• Said how Church should respond to the needs of the people

Question 19

Gaudium et Spes

Answer 19

• AKA Church in the Modern World
• Second Vatican Council, 1965
• Says Church must serve the world & work with other organizations to promote the common good

Question 20

Economic Justice for All

Answer 20

• 1986 pastoral letter
• On Catholic Social Teaching and the U.S. economy
• All economic decisions must uphold human dignity
• All members of society have obligation to help poor & vulnerable

Question 21

Capitalism

Answer 21

-Economic system based upon the private ownership of goods and free market system

Question 22

Marxism

Answer 22

• Economic social, and political philosophy that avoids the notion of private property
• seeks to control wealth by taking the means of production away from the upper class for the benefit of society

Question 23

Socialism

Answer 23

• System in which there is no private ownership of goods

- the creation and distribution of goods/ services is determined by the whole community or by the gov.

Question 24

Communism

Answer 24

• System in which all economic and social activity is controlled by a totalitarian gov dominated by a single political party
• linked w/ atheism

Question 25

Detterence

Answer 25

-Belief that war, especially nuclear, can be prevented through the ability to respond to a military attack with a devastating counter attack

Question 26

Social Doctrine

Answer 26

• Church’s body of teaching on economic and social matter
• includes moral judgements and demands for action in favor of those being harmed by unjust social and economic policies and conditions

Question 27

Social Encyclical

Answer 27

-Teaching letter from the Pope to the members of the Church on topics of social justice, human rights, and peace

Question 28

Pastoral Letter

Answer 28

-Teaching letter from the bishops of a particular country to members of the Church on topics of social justice, human rights, and peace that relate to that country providing guidance, insight, or instruction

Question 29

Subsidarity

Answer 29

-Large organizations and governments should not take over responsibilities and decisions that can be carried out by individuals and local organizations

Question 30

How did the Age of Reason/ Enlightenment effect how people thought about the Church?

Answer 30

• People wanted concrete evidence of the existence of God

- Ex: Rationalists thought faith and the Bible could be explained by science and reasoning

Question 31

Reign of Terror

Answer 31

• A period of violence that occurred after the start of the revolution
• Marked by the executions of “enemies of the revolution”

Question 32

Baltimore Catechism

Answer 32

• Created by the 3rd Council of Baltimore

- Told people what they believed, gave them guidance

Question 33

How did the French Revolution impact the Church?

Answer 33

• One the “Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen” was written, the Church no longer was protected by the monarchy
• Became a target

Question 34

What Ideals rooted in the Gospel from the French Revolution

Answer 34

-Pope John Paul II: “Identity and Memory”

Question 35

Pro’s and Con’s of Industrial Rev

Answer 35

-Pros: Created more jobs, helped economy because goods were produced & sold
Cons: Led to urbanization (cramped cities= unsanitary), Poor working conditions (long hours, children could work,if sick–> fired)