Unit 5: Concept 1 - Mendelian Genetics

Question 1

What is a gene?

Answer 1

Section of DNA that has instructions for proteins

Question 2

What is an allele?

Answer 2

Different versions of the same gene

Question 3

What are homologous chromosomes?

Answer 3

Matching chromosomes from mom/dad

Question 4

Who was Gregor Mendel?

Answer 4

Used pea plants to learn about genetics

Question 5

What were the 3 laws of inheritance?

Answer 5

Law of dominance, segregation, independent assortment

Question 6

What are three things Mendel include in his experiments?

Answer 6

Control over breeding, only used pure-bred plants, observed “either-or” traits

Question 7

What is purebred?

Answer 7

organism whose ancestors are genetically uniform

Question 8

What is a cross?

Answer 8

mating of 2 organisms

Question 9

What does homozygous mean?

Answer 9

2 of same alleles (AA or aa)

Question 10

What does heterozygous mean?

Answer 10

2 different alleles (Aa)

Question 11

What is the law of dominance?

Answer 11

dominant alleles express over recessive

Question 12

What is the law of segregation?

Answer 12

gametes will receive 1 chromosomes per pair after meiosis

Question 13

What is the law of independent assortment?

Answer 13

1 trait doesn’t affect another trait

Question 14

What is a punnett square?

Answer 14

diagram for finding traits from parents with certain genes

Question 15

What is a monohybrid cross?

Answer 15

cross between 2 organisms for 1 trait