Unit 3: Concept 4A - Photosynthesis

Question 1

all organisms need what?

Answer 1

constant supply of energy to survive

Question 2

what is photosynthesis?

Answer 2

sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide are chemically converted into chemical energy stored in glucose

Question 3

what is the formula for photosynthesis?

Answer 3

6CO2 + 6H20 -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 4

reactants

Answer 4

ingredients (CO2 and H2O)

Question 5

products

Answer 5

results (C6H12O6 and O2)

Question 6

what is the structure of chloroplast consist of?

Answer 6

grana and stroma

Question 7

what is grana?

Answer 7

pancake-like stacks of thylakoid membrane

Question 8

what is stroma?

Answer 8

fluid-like substance that fills the space between the grana

Question 9

why are plants green?

Answer 9

the presence of the pigment chlorophyll

Question 10

2 stages of photosynthesis are?

Answer 10

light-dependent and light-independent reactions

Question 11

purpose of light-dependent reactions

Answer 11

capture energy from the sun and store energy in ATP and NADPH

Question 12

location of light-dependent reactions

Answer 12

grana (thylakoid membrane)

Question 13

summary of light-dependent reactions

Answer 13

water molecules are split into hydrogen and oxygen,
oxygen is released as a waste product,
ATP and NADPH are charged up by the sun

Question 14

details of light-dependent reactions

Answer 14

energy from sun that is passed down the electron transport chain and stored in ATP and NADPH bonds

Question 15

how is light absorbed?

Answer 15

photosystems absorb light

Question 16

what are electron carriers?

Answer 16

molecules that carry electrons in order to pass on their energy

Question 17

purpose of light-independent reaction

Answer 17

use energy from the energy carrying molecules from the light-dependant reaction to make sugar (glucose)

Question 18

location of light-independent reaction

Answer 18

occurs in the stroma

Question 19

summary of light-independent reaction

Answer 19

uses calvin cycle,
series of enzyme-assisted chemical reactions powered by ATP and NADPH that produce 3-C sugars from CO2 and the H from water

Question 20

step 1 of calvin cycle

Answer 20

GRAB;
a. CO2 diffuses into stroma
b. enzyme attaches CO2 to 5-C RuBP
c. produce unstable 6-C molecules

Question 21

step 2 of calvin cycle

Answer 21

SPLIT;
energy from ATP and NADPH and an enzyme break the 6-C molecule into 2 3-C molecules (PGA)

Question 22

step 3 of calvin cycle

Answer 22

LEAVE;
a. each 3-C molecule (PGA) is converted to a different 3-C molecule (G3P)
b. G3P leaves the cycle to become glucose
c. the other G3P moves on to the next step

Question 23

step 4 of the calvin cycle

Answer 23

SWITCH;
remaining G3P converts back to 5-C RuBP by using a phosphate from ATP and the cycle starts again