Unit 3: Concept 3 - Energy Flow through Ecosystems

Question 1

all energy comes from ____

Answer 1

sun

Question 2

what are the ways of getting energy?

Answer 2

producers and consumers

Question 3

what are producers?

Answer 3

energy from nonliving sources (plants, bacteria, algae)

Question 4

what are producers also called?

Answer 4

autotrophs

Question 5

what are consumers?

Answer 5

get energy from living/once living organisms (animals, most bacteria, fungi)

Question 6

how do producers get their energy?

Answer 6

photosynthesis and chemosynthesis

Question 7

what is photosynthesis?

Answer 7

sunlight,
plants and cyanobacteria,
6CO2 + 6H20 yields
C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 8

what is chemosynthesis?

Answer 8

chemicals (sulfur & methane),
deep sea vent bacteria,
6Co2 + 18H2S + 3O2 yields
C6H12O6 + 12H2O + 18S

Question 9

how do consumers get their energy?

Answer 9

eat other organisms,
breaks down the macromolecule inside to release ATP
(cellular respiration)

Question 10

what are 4 types of consumers?

Answer 10

herbivore,
carnivore,
omnivore,
detritivore

Question 11

what do the 4 types of consumers mean (definition)?

Answer 11

herbivore: vegetation,
carnivore: meat,
omnivore: meat and vegetation,
detritivore: dead (decomposers)

Question 12

what are food chains?

Answer 12

trace a single flow of energy and show trophic levels

Question 13

what are trophic levels?

Answer 13

levels of nourishment in a food chain

Question 14

what is the rule of 10?

Answer 14

as energy flows from organism to organism, it is used for metabolism and/or converted to heat

Question 15

what percent does the next organism in the chain receive?

Answer 15

10%

Question 16

where is 90% of energy from food chains go?

Answer 16

used/lost for heat

Question 17

what are the trophic levels?

Answer 17

producer (grass),
primary consumer (grasshopper),
secondary consumers (mouse),
teriary consumers (owl)

Question 18

what are food webs?

Answer 18

shows multiple food chains at once and how they reconnect

Question 19

what are trophic pyramids?

Answer 19

models thsat show how energy flows through an ecosystem

Question 20

what is an energy pyramid?

Answer 20

represents the energy avaliable at each trophic level (rule of 10)

Question 21

what is a numbers pyramid?

Answer 21

represents the number of organisms at each trophic level

Question 22

what is a biomass pyramid?

Answer 22

represents the total mass of living organic matter at each trophic level