Unit 3: Concept 1 - Enzymes and Biochemical Reactions

Question 1

metabolism

Answer 1

all of the chemical reactions within each cell of an organism

Question 2

chemical reactions

Answer 2

the breaking and forming of bonds between different substances during chemical changes

Question 3

catabolic

Answer 3

break down larger molecules into simpler compounds

Question 4

anabolic

Answer 4

build larger molecules from smaller ones

Question 5

activation energy

Answer 5

amount of energy needed to make a chemical reaction start

Question 6

reactants

Answer 6

(substrate) substances that are charged during a chemical reaction

Question 7

products

Answer 7

substances that are made by a chemical reaction

Question 8

2 types of reactions

Answer 8

endothermic and exothermic

Question 9

endothermic

Answer 9

absorbs energy (ie. photosynthesis)

Question 10

exothermic

Answer 10

releases energy (ie. cellular respiration)

Question 11

formula for photosynthesis

Answer 11

6CO2 + 6H20 yields C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 12

formula for cellular respiration

Answer 12

C6H12O6 + 6O2 yields 6CO2 + 6H20

Question 13

enzymes

Answer 13

mostly proteins that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy

Question 14

catalysts

Answer 14

substances that speed up chemical reactions without being permanently altered

Question 15

3 parts to a chemical reaction with an enzyme

Answer 15

substrate (reactant), active site, and enzyme

Question 16

denaturation

Answer 16

enzymes active site gets deformed and loses its specific shape -> loss of biological activity

Question 17

5 ways to change the rate of a chemical reaction

Answer 17

temperature
pH
substrate concentration
catalysts
competitive inhibitor

Question 18

how does temperature change the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 18

increasing temperature increases rate of reaction

Question 19

how does pH change the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 19

how acidic a solution is

Question 20

how does substrate concentration change the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 20

higher the amount of substrate, the faster the reaction

Question 21

how does catalysts change the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 21

(like enzymes) speed up reactions

Question 22

how does a competitive inhibitor change the rate of a chemical reaction?

Answer 22

slows down reaction