Unit 5 1/29/2025 Flashcards
What can influence gene expression and lead to phenotypic plasticity?
Various environmental factors
Phenotypic plasticity refers to the ability of an organism to change its phenotype in response to environmental conditions.
What phenomenon occurs when individuals with the same genotype exhibit different phenotypes?
Phenotypic plasticity
This phenomenon highlights the role of environmental conditions in shaping physical traits.
Some genetic diseases can be linked to ___ or ____ or____
Affected
Mutated alleles
Chromosomal changes
Mutated alleles are usually ____
Autosomal recessive
What can mutations that occur in gametes lead to?
Genetic disease
These mutations can be passed down to offspring.
True or False: Only mutations found in somatic cells can be passed on to offspring.
False
Only mutations found in gamete cells can be passed on.
Why are chromosomal mutations considered very severe?
They affect entire sections of genes or entire chromosomes
This can lead to significant genetic disorders.
Fill in the blank: Chromosomal mutations are ______ because they affect entire sections of genes or entire chromosomes.
VERY SEVERE
What are the five types of chromosomal mutations caused by mistakes during crossing over?
Deletion
Duplication
Inversion
Translocation
Insertion
DID IT
What is deletion?
What is duplication?
What is inversion?
Deletion, duplication, and inversion are all examples of ___ chromosome mutations
Single
What’s insertion?
What’s translocation?
What’s nondisjunction and what does it result in?
How can you diagnose a genetic diseases?
By looking at the persons karyotypes
Fertilization involving gametes that formed as a result of nondisjunction leads to severe genetic diseases such as ____ and ____
Trisomy (having three of the same chromosome)
Monosomy (having only one of a chromosome)
What number karyotypes does Trisomy occur in most commonly?
21,18, and 13 because the offspring will actually survive and be able to live despite their issues. (Most common is 21)
True or false: the only combination of X and Y sex chromosomes is XX and XY
False there are also in between like XXY OR XYY
What’s does polyploidy mean?
An organism with more than 2 complete sets of chromosomes
(The picture is triploid/3n)
What the resulting number of gametes in nondisjunction in meiosis 1 and 2
