Unit 4 Flashcards
Somatropin (Growth Hormone) MOA:
enhance growth
Somatropin (Growth Hormone) Adverse Effects:
headache, hyperglycemia, rash, flulike syndrome
Somatropin (Growth Hormone) Indications:
treatment of growth failure
Somatropin (Growth Hormone) Contraindications:
drug allergy, acute illness and children w/ closed growth plates
Vasopressin MOA:
enhances antidiuretic hormone
Vasopressin Adverse Effects:
hypertension, vertigo, headache
Vasopressin Indications:
diabetes insipidus
Vasopressin Contraindications:
drug allergy, asthma, cardiovascular disease
Levothyroxine MOA:
induces changes in the metabolic rate
Levothyroxine Adverse Effect:
cardiac dysrhythmia
Levothyroxine Indications:
hypothyroidism
Levothyroxine Contraindications:
drug allergy, hyperthyroidism, and MI (!)
Propylthiouracil MOA:
inhibit the incorporation of iodine molecules into amino acid tyrosine`
Propylthiouracil Adverse Effect:
liver and bone marrow toxicity
Propylthiouracil Indications:
hyperthyroidism
Propylthiouracil Contraindications:
drug allergy
Nursing diagnosis for thyroid & antithyroid medications:
The nursing dx for Levothyroxine and Propylthiouracil is knowledge deficit AND noncompliance
The 3P’s of Diabetes:
Polyphagia, polyuria, polydipsia
Route of Rapid-Acting Insulin:
Subcutaneous
Onset of RAI:
15 minutes
Peak and Duration of RAI:
Peaks in 1-2 hours
Duration of 3-5 hours
Half-life of RAI:
80 min
Route Short Acting Insulin:
Subcutaneous and Intravenous !
Onset of SAI:
30-60 minutes
Peak and Duration of SAI:
Peak is 2.5 hours
Duration is 6-10 hours
Half-life of SAI:
Unknown
Glipizide MOA:
stimulate release of insulin
Glipizide Adverse Effects:
hypoglycemia & weight gain
Glipizide Indications:
Type 2 Diabetes (hyperglycemia)
Glipizide Contraindications:
Hypoglycemia, drug allergy
Metformin MOA:
decrease glucose production by the liver
Metformin Adverse Effects:
GI Symptoms: abdominal bloating and diarrhea
Metformin Indications:
Type 2 Diabetes
Metformin Contraindications:
renal disease & drug allergy
Fludocortisone (mineralcorticoid) MOA:
modify enzyme activity
Fludocortisone (mineralcorticoid) Adverse Effects:
hypertension, convulsions, weight gain, and hyperglycemia
Fludocortisone (mineralcorticoid) Indications:
Adrenocortical insufficiency
Fludocortisone (mineralcorticoid) Contraindications:
drug allergy
Methylprednisone (glucocorticoid) MOA:
modify enzyme activity
Methylprednisone (glucocorticoid)
Adverse Effect:
hypertension, convulsions, weight gain, and hyperglycemia
Methylprednisone (glucocorticoid)
Indications:
chronic respiratory illness
Methylprednisone (glucocorticoid)
Contraindications:
drug allergy
Alendronate MOA:
inhibits or reverses osteoclast-mediated bone resportion
Aldendronate must be taken…
with 8 oz of water first thing in the morning
Aldendronate Adverse Effects:
GI upset
Aldendronate Indications:
osteoporosis
Aldendronate Contraindications:
drug allergy, dysphagia, esophagitis
Calcitonin (Bisphosphonates) MOA:
inhibits osteoclastic bone resportion
Calcitonin (Bisphosphonates) Adverse Effects:
nausea and vomiting
Calcitonin (Bisphosphonates) Indications:
osteoporosis
Calcitonin (Bisphosphonates) Contraindications:
drug allergy & salmon
Clomiphene (fertility rx) MOA:
blocking estrogen receptors in the uterus and the brain
Clomiphene (fertility rx) Adverse Effect:
tachycardia, dizziness, bloating, multiple pregnancies
Clomiphene (fertility rx) Indications:
promote ovulation
Clomiphene (fertility rx) Contraindications:
drug allergy and ovarian failure
Oxytocin MOA:
stimulates uterine contraction
Oxytocin Adverse Effects:
hypo/hypertension, chest pain, cramping
Oxytocin Indications:
induce labor
Oxytocin Contraindications:
drug allergy & high risk intrauterine positions
Contraceptive Rx MOA:
prevent ovulation by inhibiting the release of gonadotropins and increasing uterine mucous viscosity
Contraceptive Rx Adverse Effects:
hypertension, edema, migraines, increased weight, amenorrhea and breast changes
Contraceptive Rx Indications:
prevention of pregnancy
Contraceptive Rx Contraindications:
pregnancy, MI, stroke, pulmonary embolism
Finasteride MOA:
prevents the conversion of testosterone DHT
Finasteride Adverse Effects:
reduced libido, hypotension, dizziness, and drowsiness
Finasteride Indications:
benign prostatic hyperplasia
Finasteride Contraindcations:
drug allergy, pregnant women and children
Sidenafil (Viagra) MOA:
inhibits action of the enzyme phosphodiesterase
Sidenafil (Viagra) Adverse Effect:
hypotension, headache, flushing
Sidenafil (Viagra) Indications:
ED
Sidenafil (Viagra) Contraindications:
cardiovascular disease, drug allergy, nitrates
Testosterone MOA:
stimulates normal growth & development of secondary sex characteristics
Diphenyhydromine; Ioratadine (antihistamine) MOA:
blocks histamine receptors
Diphenyhydromine; Ioratadine (antihistamine) Adverse:
drowsiness, dry mouth, vision changes
Diphenyhydromine; Ioratadine (antihistamine) Indications:
nasal allergies, allergic rhinitis, uticaria
Diphenyhydromine; Ioratadine (antihistamine) Contraindications:
drug allergy
Benzonatate; Dextromethorphan (Antitussive) MOA:
Benzonatate: numbs stretch receptor cells in respiratory tract
Dextromethorphan: suppresses cough center
Benzonatate; Dextromethorphan (Antitussive) Adverse:
Benzonatate: dizziness, headache, sedation
Dextromethrophan: dizziness, drowsiness, nausea
Benzonatate; Dextromethorphan (Antitussive) Indications:
cough
Benzonatate; Dextromethorphan (Antitussive) Contraindications:
drug allergy
Codeine (antitussive) MOA:
suppresses cough through direct action on cough center
Codeine (antitussive) Adverse Effects:
sedation, light-headedness, constipation
Codeine (antitussive) Indications:
cough
Codeine (antitussive) Contraindications:
drug allergy
Guaifenesin (expectorant) MOA:
loosening & thinning respiratory secretions
Guaifenesin (expectorant) Adverse Effects:
gastric irritation
Guaifenesin (expectorant) Indications:
relief of productive cough
Guaifenesin (expectorant) Contraindications:
drug allergy
Albuterol (bronchodilator);
Ipratroprium-anticholinergic (Beta-adrenergic agonist);
Salmeterol (Sympathomimetic)
MOA:
relax and dilate airways
Albuterol (bronchodilator);
Ipratroprium-anticholinergic (Beta-adrenergic agonist);
Salmeterol (Sympathomimetic)
Adverse Effects:
restlessness, cardiac stimulation, hyperglycemia
Albuterol (bronchodilator);
Ipratroprium-anticholinergic (Beta-adrenergic agonist);
Salmeterol (Sympathomimetic)
Indications:
prevent bronchospasms
Albuterol (bronchodilator);
Ipratroprium-anticholinergic (Beta-adrenergic agonist);
Salmeterol (Sympathomimetic)
Contraindications:
drug allergy, hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmias
Montelukast (Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist) MOA:
blocks the inflammatory process with asthma
Montelukast (Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist) Adverse Effects:
headache, dizziness, and insomnia
Montelukast (Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist) Indications:
prophylaxis and long term treatment of asthma
Montelukast (Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist) Contraindications:
drug allergy
Fluticasone Propionate; Methylprednisolone (selected corticosteroids) MOA:
reducing inflammation and enhancing beta agonist
Fluticasone Propionate; Methylprednisolone (selected corticosteroids) Adverse Effects:
CNS effects, prone to infections, dermatologic issues
Fluticasone Propionate; Methylprednisolone (selected corticosteroids) Indications:
Fluticasone Propionate: asthma prophylaxis and maintenance
Methylprednisolone: exacerbation of asthma & COPD
Fluticasone Propionate; Methylprednisolone (selected corticosteroids) Contraindications:
drug allergy