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History > Unit 3b Test > Flashcards

Unit 3b Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Main difference between interest group and party?

A

Parties run candidates, interest groups influence political process

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2
Q
  • percent of Americans belong to interest groups
A

75%

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3
Q

Most Americans belong to - interest groups

A

3

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4
Q

of interest groups have - since 1970s

A

Mushroomed

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5
Q

Americans - to be interest group members

A

Most likely

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6
Q

Interest groups have the right to spend money -, what act?

A

Unlimited, citizens United case

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7
Q

PACs may contribute - to campaigns, but may also –

A

Directly, campaign separately

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8
Q

PACs are - source of revenue for most campaigns

A

Main

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9
Q

PACs have to follow —, but can spend —

A

Campaign contribution limits, unlimited amounts campaigning

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10
Q

Both PACs and 527s represent - interests and policies

A

Narrow

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11
Q

Both PACs and 527s may –(–)for campaigns, but can’t —

A

Run ads, (issue ads, coordinate with campaigns

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12
Q

527s are –, – organizations

A

Tax exempt, nonprofit

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13
Q

527s (do not, or do) contribute directly to campaigns

A

Do not

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14
Q

527s have – FEC regulation

A

Very little

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15
Q

527s have - legal campaigning limits

A

No

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16
Q

What are economic interest groups? (4)

A

Professional groups, labor unions, agricultural groups, business groups

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17
Q

Professional groups are composed of people from -

A

Professional occupations

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18
Q

Economic interest groups are most concerned with - (3)

A

Wages, prices, profits

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19
Q

Labor unions are - in power. They are involved in –

A

Declining, grassroots electioneering

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20
Q

Agricultural groups are most worried about -

A

Prices

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21
Q

What are right to work laws?

A

Open shop, people don’t have to join Union, causes free rider problem, closed shop (everyone required to be in Union) is illegal

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22
Q

Largest number of interest groups are - (over -%)

A

Business groups, over 50%

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23
Q

Largest business group

A

Chamber of commerce of US

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24
Q

What are consumer and public interests (3)?

A

Consumer interests, environmental interests, govt reform interests

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25
Q

What are consumer and public interests most concerned with?

A

Collective goods, free rider problem, foundation grants I

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26
Q

What are equality and justice interests?

What do they mainly use?

A

Equal rights groups, litigation

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27
Q

What are examples of equal rights groups?

A

NAACP, NOW

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28
Q

Collective goods:

A

Something of value automatically enjoyed by everyone, can’t be without

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29
Q

Free rider problem:

A

Individual may receive benefits of a good without contributing to cost

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30
Q

Types of interest group based on membership?

A

Institutional interest groups, individual interest groups

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31
Q

Institutional interest group examples: (3)

A

Chamber of commerce of us
National league of cities
National council of education

32
Q

Americans citizens - likely to join - or - interest groups than other democs (political participation)

A

More likely, political or religious interest groups

33
Q

Electioneering

A

Actively taking part in campaigns either through grassroots electioneering or through PAC donations

34
Q

Examples of individual interest groups: (5)

A 
AFL-CIO
NAACP
NOW (national organization for women)
Christian coalition 
Sierra club
35
Q

Union with closed shop:

A

Workplace where employees must join unions within specified period if Union has been approved by workers

36
Q

Right to work laws are desired by - to - unions

A

Businesses, weaken

37
Q

Paid lobbyists are used by - interest groups, but most effective for – groups

A

All, institutional interest groups

38
Q

Surprisingly, lobbyists – bc they are - in a - field

A

Write legislation, experts in a little field

39
Q

– are lobbyists successful in changing opinions of policy makers, only good at - opinions of lawmakers who already —

A

Very rarely, reinforcing, already agree with them

40
Q

What are the strategies of interest groups? (4) and what branches do they appeal to?

A

Lobbying (leg and ex), electioneering (leg and ex), litigation (courts), appealing to public (leg and executive)

41
Q

Lobbying appeals - to policy makers

A

Directly

42
Q

Grassroots campaign work (part of -)

A

Camp to ppl for candidates, electioneering

43
Q

By giving donations you can get -

A

Access

44
Q

1 method

A

Helping finance campaigns

45
Q

Going public

A

Working to influence public opinion

46
Q

Class action lawsuit:

A

Combining several different cases into one to demonstrate stronger case

47
Q

Amicus curiae briefs

A

Legal argument in lawsuit submitted on behalf of litigant from supporters of case

48
Q

Ratings game:

A

Grading public officials based on how well they supported the interest groups goals of publicizing results

49
Q

How do interest groups raise money? (4)

A

Membership dues, philanthropic foundation grants, fed grants and projects, direct mail campaigning

50
Q
  • is #1 way of getting money for institutional groups
A

Membership dues

51
Q
  • is important for public interest groups
A

Philanthropic foundation grants l

52
Q
  • is used for public projects of interest groups and was reduced by - administration
A

Fed grants and projects, Reagan administration

53
Q

What’s #1 method of raising money for most groups?

A

Direct mail campaigning

54
Q

Print media is - as of 2004

A

2

55
Q

Print media users are –

A

Most informed

56
Q

Watchdog function of press

A

Idea that we depend on press to keep an eye on government

57
Q

Media is strongest of all – in agenda setting

A

Linkage institutions

58
Q

What’s a filibuster

A

Stalling a bill with unlimited speech, Senators only

59
Q

Staying on message

A

Effort by party leaders or administrative officials to repeat the planned same message at every opportunity

60
Q

Coined phrasing

A

Research to find words or phrases that are most successful to public

61
Q

Gatekeeper role

A

Agenda setting, even when story is not reported it affects agenda

62
Q

Main roles of media (3)

A

Gatekeeper role, scorekeepers role, watchdog role

63
Q

The bully pulpit:

A

President can make speeches covered by media to advance agenda

64
Q

Media replaces - in teen years

A

Parents

65
Q
  • media is regulated much heavier than –
A

Broadcast media, print media

66
Q

Prior restraint

A

Govt cannot stop news story before it is published, however can punish afterwards if criminal

67
Q

Telecommunications act of 1996

A

Broadcast companies can only own 1 radio station and 1 TV station in each local market, can own as many stations nationally as they desire

68
Q

Fairness doctrine

A

Required broadcasters to give time to opposing views if they broadcast a program giving one side of a controversial issue

69
Q

Communications decency act

A

(Telecommunications act 1996), illegal to transmit “indecent materials”

70
Q
  • percent of campaign budget
A

Campaign advertising

71
Q

Pres has - organization to regulate Media, – regulates it

A

White House pres corps, press secretary

72
Q

First pres to use mass media was - with -

A

FDR, fireside chats

73
Q

Pres relationship with pres more -, less -

A

Confrontational, cordial

74
Q

4th branch of government

A

Media

75
Q

Even though opportunities for political information have - through electronic media, the public is –

A

Increased, less informed

History (29 decks)

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