unit 3.3 Flashcards

1
Q

the notion that every action a person takes, whether good or bad, has a consequence in the future.

A

karma

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2
Q

the Proto-Indo-European language diffused from modern day Ukraine through conquest

A

Kurgan Hypothesis

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3
Q

The method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.

A

Language

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4
Q

A collection of languages related by a common ancestor that existed several thousand years ago, derived from the same family.

A

Language Branch

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5
Q

A Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.

A

Language Group

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6
Q

A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages.

A

Lingua Franca

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7
Q

A language that is written as well as spoken.

A

Literary Tradition

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8
Q

Also known as popular Buddhism, is allows people more ways to reach enlightenment and boddhisatvas can help you reach enlightenment.

A

Mahayana

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9
Q

the language family that encompasses most of the languages within China and several countries in SE

A

Mandarin (Chinese)

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10
Q

Anything that can physically be seen on the landscape.

A

material culture

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11
Q

City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion.

A

Mecca

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12
Q

he central, enduring elements of a culture expressing its values and beliefs, including language, religion, folklore, and etc

A

Mentifact

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13
Q

An individual who helps to diffuse a universalizing religion.

A

Missionary

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14
Q

The messenger of God. Branches of Islam

A

Mohammed

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15
Q

one language is spoken

A

monolingual

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16
Q

The acquisition of two languages that use different speech sounds, vocabularies, and grammatical rules.

17
Q

the ability to speak multiple language

A

multilingual

18
Q

the belief that there is only one god or divine bein

A

Monotheism

19
Q

Concept proposed by Julian Steward which explains the common characteristics of widely separated cultures developed under similar ecological circumstances

A

Multilinear Evolution

20
Q

a hypothesized family of languages ancestral to several of the established language families of Eurasia and northern Africa

A

Nostratic Hypothesis

21
Q

The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents

A

Official language

22
Q

A method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols

A

orthography

23
Q

The word for a follower of a polytheistic religion in ancient times;

24
Q

the sounds used in spoken language

25
language often emerges when two or more languages coexist in a small geographic area.
pidgin
26
voluntary travel by an adherent to a sacred site to pay respects or participate in a ritual at the site
Pilgrimage
27
knowing or using several languages.
polygot
28
characterized by belief in multiple gods, usually that are responsible for different areas of the universe and of human experience
Polytheistic Religion
29
Culture that is not tied to a specific location but rather a general location based on widespread diffusion
popular culture
30
The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives\
Possibilism
31
A branch of the Christian faith resulting from the Reformation initiated in the 16th century by Martin Luther.
Protestant
32
language ancestral to several daughter languages
Protolanguage
33
the idea that after this life you will come back in another life either as a plant, animal, or a human life.
reincarnation
34
a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny.
religion