Unit 3 - Lesson 2 - Cereal Wort Production - Separation/Cooling

Question 1

What do brewers do that distillers dont?

Answer 1

Boil the wort before fermentation

Question 2

The purpose of wort separation?

Answer 2

To extract all the available wort and leave unwanted material behind

Question 3

What is common in grain whisky & bourbon fermentation?

Answer 3

Fermenting with Draff

Question 4

What is important if you keep the wort and grain together for fermentation?

Answer 4

Making sure the particle size can be separate from. the wort (hammer mills make it challenging)

Question 5

What is a natural filter for wort?

Answer 5

Husk material left from barley milling

Question 6

What are lauter tuns?

Answer 6

Wort Separation systems using rakes and hot water so squeeze out the wort with perforated bottom
Semi or Full

Question 7

Difference between Semi or Full Lauter Tun

Answer 7

Semi has racks that move in a circle
Full the rakes can move up and down
Sparging is done through spraying or sprinkler systems

Question 8

Describe a Mash Tun

Answer 8

Used to separate wort from grain
Has a false bottom
Grains are rinsed (sparged) with hot water pumped through a Hydrator on top of Tun
May have some grain agitation

Question 9

What do modern Tun’s have?

Answer 9

Shallower depth than a Mash Tun increases rate of wort run off

Question 10

How do malt distilleries differ from others in wort separation?

Answer 10

1st run Hot wort which is super sugary is pumped back over the grain letting the grain settle on the false bottom and act as a filter. Helps clarify the liquid

Question 11

Which has shallower beds lauter or mash tun

Answer 11

Lauter

Question 12

Why execute a “Vorlauf” or pumping over of the 1st run wort?

Answer 12

Too high concentration of sugars

And helps to let grains filter the wort

Question 13

Challenge for Vorlauf?

Answer 13

Pumping 1st run too fast grain may settle quickly and block drainage
Too slow – efficiency drops

Question 14

What has a big impact on run-off times?

Answer 14

Shallower bed for faster run off. found in Lauter Tun

Question 15

What does raking do?

Answer 15

Increases run off of wort

Question 16

What might be a problem when wort is sprayed to encourage drainage?

Answer 16

could create channels in the underlying grain leaving sugars behind

Question 17

Who many runs are there and what is their characteristics?

Answer 17

1. First Waters (vorlauf) - high sugar
2. Second Water - lower sugar content
3. Third Water - 80° C - not sent to fermenter but a holding tank to be recycled.

Question 18

What is the difference between Mash Filter and Mash or Lauter Tun

Answer 18

1. Sheets that act as filters to produce clear wort
2. Mash/Lauter Tun use husks to Filter
3. Filter has no false bottom or perforated plates since separation happens on the plates

Question 19

How does a mash filter work?

Answer 19

1. Grain/Liquid pumped into filter
2. Sweet wort flows to collection channels
3. Membranes inflate squeezing the grain for more wort
4. Sparge happens to rewet the grain
5. So much liquid removed grains cake
6. Spent grains dumped

Question 20

Most common heat exchanger for wort that does not contain grain

Answer 20

Plate Heat Exchange

Question 21

How does a plate heat exchanger work?

Answer 21

1. Hot wort enters HE
2. Moves counterclockwise
3. Designed so 2 liquids dont meet
4. The wort heat is quickly transferred to cold water
5. Cool wort move to fermenter

Question 22

How does a shell and tube system work?

Answer 22

1. Cooling liquid flows through the shell around tubes
2. Hot wort flows inside these tubes
3. Works for in-grain fermenting

Question 23

What is the best wort cooler for all-in grain fermentation?

Answer 23

Shall and Tube

Question 24

Why dont distillers addd O2 to wort before fermentation like Brewers?

Answer 24

1. Wort isnt boiled to save enzymes, means there is still O2 in the wort
2. Opening to air could cause impurity during transfer
3. Distilleries use new yeast - which was grown commercially in anaerobic environment

Question 25

Fermentable sugars in wort

Answer 25

Maltose - 70-75%
Maltotriose - 10 - 15%
Glucose - 10%
Some fructose and maltotetrose