UNIT 3: Kingdom Fungi

Question 1

Fungi

Answer 1

Heterotrophic organisms that can be single-called or multicellular.
They do not contain chlorophyll.
Eukaryotic - membrane bound organelles and nucleus.
Have cell walls made of chitin

Question 2

Saprophytic fungi

Answer 2

Obtain their food from dead organic matter e.g. fungi of decay

Question 3

Parasitic fungi

Answer 3

Obtain their food from living organisms e.g. athletes foot

Question 4

Structure of yeast (saccharonyces cerevisiae)

Answer 4

• single celled
• cell wall made of chitin
• granular cytoplasm

Question 5

Reproduction of yeast

Answer 5

Asexual by mitosis in a process known as ‘budding’

Question 6

Structure of rhizopus

Answer 6

• multicellular
• cell wall made of chitin
• hyphae- thin, microscopic, thread-like tubules
• sporangia - structures that hold spores

Question 7

Reproduction of rhizopus

Answer 7

• asexual - by means of formation of spores, a process known as sporulation.
• sexual - by means of formation of a diploid zygospore

Question 8

Laboratory procedures when handling microorganisms

Answer 8

• use aseptic technique: procedure where contact with, or contamination by, microorganisms is avoided.
• always wear a lab coat.
• wash your hands before and after the experiment.
• wear protective gloves where appropriate.
• where safety glasses where appropriate.
• clean bench thoroughly before and after use and swab with disinfectant.
• ## clean and sterilise all glassware involved by placing in an autoclave for 15 minutes.

Question 9

Hypha

Answer 9

A tube or filament in a fungus

Question 10

Obligate parasite

Answer 10

Can only take its food from a live host

Question 11

Facultative parasite

Answer 11

Can get its food from a live or dead host

Question 12

Sporulation

Answer 12

The process of making spores

Question 13

Aseptic

Answer 13

Means that measures are taken to exclude unwanted microorganisms

Question 14

Sterile

Answer 14

Means that all microorganisms are destroyed