UNIT 2: Cell Structure

Question 1

Cell membrane

Answer 1

Controls what substances enter and leave the cell

Question 2

Cytosol

Answer 2

Medium in which all metabolic reactions occur

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

Controls all activities of the cell

Question 4

Nucleolus

Answer 4

Makes RNA

Question 5

Mitochondrion

Answer 5

Carries out the reactions of respiration

Question 6

Lysosome

Answer 6

Destroys old, worn out cell organelles

Question 7

Ribosome

Answer 7

Makes proteins

Question 8

Chloroplast

Answer 8

Carries out the reactions of photosynthesis

Question 9

Large central vacuole

Answer 9

Stores food, water, minerals, vitamins and wastes

Question 10

Light (compound) microscope

Answer 10

Uses visible light, two or more lenses, and a specimen - usually strained to make structures more visible

Question 11

Electron microscope

Answer 11

Uses beams of electrons (e-), a number of electromagnetic lenses (that focus and diverge the beam of e-), a piece of photographic film (like X-ray film), and a specimen

Question 12

Eyepiece lens

Answer 12

Magnifies the image, closest to the observers eye

Question 13

Objective lens

Answer 13

Magnifies the image, closest to the specimen

Question 14

Stage

Answer 14

Holds the specimen (slide)

Question 15

Disohragm

Answer 15

Controls the amount of light

Question 16

Light source /mirror

Answer 16

Sends light up through the stage and specimen

Question 17

Fine / coarse focus wheels

Answer 17

Make fine / large adjustments to the clarity of the image

Question 18

The electron microscope

Answer 18

Uses beams of electrons to view specimens

Produces magnifications of up to 1000000x

Question 19

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 19

Have a tough outer cell wall and have no membrane-bound nucleus nor membrane-bound organelles

Question 20

Eukaryotic cells

Answer 20

Have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles

Question 21

Protoplasm

Answer 21

All the living parts of a cell

Question 22

Cytoplasm

Answer 22

The living material in a cell outside the nucleus

Question 23

Ultra structure

Answer 23

The detail of a structure as seen using an electron microscope

Question 24

Chromatin

Answer 24

The name given to chromosomes when they are elongated and not dividing