UNIT 2: Energy carriers

Question 1

oxidation

Answer 1

the loss of electrons

Question 2

reduction

Answer 2

the gain of electrons

Question 3

ATP

Answer 3

Adenosine Triphosphate
the energy currency of the cell.
composed of: - adenine, ribose, 3 phosphates

Question 4

NAD

Answer 4

Nicotinamine adenine dinucleotide.
- electron carrier in aerobic respiration.
- picks up energized electrons (reduction) after a bond is broken and carries them to the electron transport chain where they release their energy in an enzyme-controlled environment to produce ATP.
NAD^++2e^-+H^+=NADH

Question 5

NADP

Answer 5

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate
-electron carrier used in photosynthesis
- picks up energised electrons (reduction) that originated from chlorophyll molecules that were hit by light and transfers them along with protons to the dark stage in order for CO2 to be reduced (addition of H^+ and e^-) to form glucose.
NADP^+ +2e^- => NADP^- +H^+ => NADPH