Unit 3 Flashcards
A verbal behavior that modifies the functions of other verbal behaviors.
Autoclitic relation
A type of correction technique to reduce the frequency of errors.
Error correction
Instructional methods specifically designed to prevent or substantially minimize any learner errors are used to teach particular discriminations.
Errorless teaching
Tact responses prompted by specific verbal instructions.
Impure tact
A type of prompt in which the trainer demonstrates the target behavior for the learner.
Modeling prompt
The reinforcement contingency for the behavior of a particular person in the normal course of the person’s life.
Natural contingency of reinforcement
An observation setting that is part of the client’s normal daily routine.
Natural setting
A neutral change that does not elicit respondent behavior.
Neutral stimulus
Behavior that acts on the environment to produce an immediate consequence and, in turn, is strengthened by that consequence.
Operant behavior
An assessment in which two potential reinforcers are presented to an individual, and the researcher records which stimulus the individual approaches.
Paired stimulus assessment
A type of reinforcement in which, contingent on the behavior, a stimulus or event is presented and the probability of the behavior increases in the future.
Positive reinforcement
A process of identifying reinforcers for an individual that involves presenting potential reinforcers and measuring whether the individual approaches, manipulates, or consumes the item.
Preference assessment
A method used to increase the likelihood that a person will engage in the correct behavior at the correct time, which may involve the behavior of the trainer or supplemental environmental stimuli.
Prompt
A procedure in which the trainer presents the discriminative stimulus and then, after a specific interval of time, presents the prompt.
Prompt delay
The gradual removal of prompts as the behavior continues to occur in the presence of the discriminative stimulus.
Prompt fading
A type of stimulus-to-stimulus relation in which the learner, without any prior training or reinforcement for doing so, selects a comparison stimulus that is the same as the sample stimulus (e.g., A=A).
Reflexivity
A decrease in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event caused by a motivating operation.
Reinforcer-abolishing effect
An increase in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event caused by a motivating operation.
Reinforcer-establishing effect
Holds that only behaviors likely to produce reinforcement in that person’s natural environment should be targeted for change.
Relevance of behavior rule
A socially mediated reinforcer, such as physical contact, proximity, attention, or praise.
Social reinforcer
Some change in an antecedent stimulus or the addition or removal of an antecedent stimulus, with the goal of making a correct response more likely.
Stimulus prompt
The sequence of new response classes that emerge during the shaping process as the result of differential reinforcement. Each successive response class is closer in form to the terminal behavior than the response class it replaces.
Successive approximation
A stimulus that acquires its MO effectiveness by being paired with another MO and has the same value-altering and behavior-altering effects as the MO with which it was paired.
Surrogate conditioned motivating operation
A type of stimulus-to-stimulus relationship in which the learner, without prior training or reinforcement for doing so, demonstrates the reversibility of matched sample and comparison stimuli (e.g., A=B, then B=A).
Symmetry
A strategy for promoting generalized behavior change that consists of teaching the learner to respond to a subset of all of the relevant stimulus and response examples, and then assessing the learner’s performance on untrained examples.
Teaching sufficient examples
A process in which prompts are removed once the target behavior is occurring in the presence of the discriminative stimulus.
Transfer of stimulus control
An environmental variable that, as a result of a learning history, establishes (or abolishes) the reinforcing effectiveness of another stimulus and evokes (or abates) the behavior that has been reinforced by that other stimulus.
Transitive conditioned motivating operation
A derived (untrained) stimulus-stimulus relation (e.g., A=C, C=A) that emerges as a product of training two other stimulus-stimulus relations.
Transitivity
An alteration in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event as a result of a motivating operation.
Value-altering effect
A repetitive vocal sound or word uttered by an individual that does not serve any communicative function.
Vocal tic
