Unit 3, chapter 21

Question 1

Battle of bull run (july 1861)

Answer 1

first major battle of the civil war and a victory for the south
-dispelled northern illusions of swift victory

Question 2

peninsula campaign (1862)

Answer 2

Union General George B, McClellan’s failed effort to seize Richmond, the confederate capital

Question 3

Merrimack and Monitor (1862)

Answer 3

confederate and union ironclads, respectively, whose success against wooden ships signaled an end to wooden warship
-fought a historic though inconsequential battle in 1862

Question 4

Second Battle of Bull run (august 1862)

Answer 4

civil war battle that ended in a decisive victory for confederate general Robert E Lee, who was emboldened to push future into the north

Question 5

Battle of Antietam (September 1862)

Answer 5

Landmark battle in the civil war that essentially ended in a draw but demonstrated the powers of the Union Army, forestalling foreign intervention and giving lincoln the “victory” he needed to issue the Emancipation proclamation

Question 6

Emancipation Proclamation (1863)

Answer 6

Declared all slaves in rebelling states to be free but did not affect slavery in non-rebelling border states
-closed the door on possible compromise with the south and encouraged 1000s of southern slaves to flee the Union lines

Question 7

13th amendment (1865)

Answer 7

constitutional amendment prohibiting all forms of slavery and involuntary servitude
-former confederate states were required to ratify the amendment prior to gaining reentry into the Union

Question 8

Battle of Fredricksburg (december 1862)

Answer 8

decisive victory in virginia for confederate Robert E. Lee, who successfully repelled a Union attack on his lines

Question 9

battle of Gettysburg (july 1863)

Answer 9

civil war battle in pennsylvania that ended in Union victory, spelling doom for he confederacy, which never again managed to invade the north

Question 10

Gettysburg address (1863)

Answer 10

Lincoln’s off-quoted speech, delivered at the dedication of the cemetery at Gettysburg battlefield
-during the address, Lincoln framed the war as a means to uphold the values of liberty

Question 11

Battle of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson (February 1862)

Answer 11

key victry for union general Ulysses S. Grant

-secured the North’s hold on kentucky and paved the way for Grant’s attacks deeper into Tennessee

Question 12

Battle of Shiloh (April 1862)

Answer 12

Bloody civil war battle on the tennessee-mississippi boarder

-left more than 23,000 soldiers dead, wounded, or missing, and ended in a marginal union Victory

Question 13

siege of Vicksburg

Answer 13

2 1/2 month siege of confederate fort on the Mississippi boarder

• won by the union which gave them control of the mississippi river, splitting the south in 2
• “divide and conquer”

Question 14

sherman’s March (1864-1865)

Answer 14

Union general William Sherman’s destructive march through Georgia
-targeted infrastructure and civilian property to diminish morale and undercut the confederate war effort

Question 15

congressional comittee on the conduct of the war (1861-1865)

Answer 15

Established by congress during the civil war to oversee military affairs
-largely under control of radical republicans and agitated for a more vigorous war effort and actively pressed Lincoln on the issue of emancipation

Question 16

copperheads

Answer 16

northern democrats who obstructed the war effort by attacking Lincoln, the draft, and, after 1863, emancipation

Question 17

the man without a country (1863)

Answer 17

edward everett hale’s fictional account of a treasonous soldier’s journeys in exile
-inspired greater devotion to the union

Question 18

union party (1864)

Answer 18

a coalition party of pro-war democrats and republicans formed during the 1864 election to defeat antiwar Northern democrats

Question 19

wilderness campaign (1864-1865)

Answer 19

a series of brutal clashes between Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee’s armies in Virginia
-leading up to Lee’s capture of Grant at Richmond

Question 20

Appomattox courthouse

Answer 20

site where Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in April 1865

Question 21

reform bill of 1867

Answer 21

Granted suffrage to all male british citizens, dramatically expanding the electorate