Unit 3, chapter 21 Flashcards
Battle of bull run (july 1861)
first major battle of the civil war and a victory for the south
-dispelled northern illusions of swift victory
peninsula campaign (1862)
Union General George B, McClellan’s failed effort to seize Richmond, the confederate capital
Merrimack and Monitor (1862)
confederate and union ironclads, respectively, whose success against wooden ships signaled an end to wooden warship
-fought a historic though inconsequential battle in 1862
Second Battle of Bull run (august 1862)
civil war battle that ended in a decisive victory for confederate general Robert E Lee, who was emboldened to push future into the north
Battle of Antietam (September 1862)
Landmark battle in the civil war that essentially ended in a draw but demonstrated the powers of the Union Army, forestalling foreign intervention and giving lincoln the “victory” he needed to issue the Emancipation proclamation
Emancipation Proclamation (1863)
Declared all slaves in rebelling states to be free but did not affect slavery in non-rebelling border states
-closed the door on possible compromise with the south and encouraged 1000s of southern slaves to flee the Union lines
13th amendment (1865)
constitutional amendment prohibiting all forms of slavery and involuntary servitude
-former confederate states were required to ratify the amendment prior to gaining reentry into the Union
Battle of Fredricksburg (december 1862)
decisive victory in virginia for confederate Robert E. Lee, who successfully repelled a Union attack on his lines
battle of Gettysburg (july 1863)
civil war battle in pennsylvania that ended in Union victory, spelling doom for he confederacy, which never again managed to invade the north
Gettysburg address (1863)
Lincoln’s off-quoted speech, delivered at the dedication of the cemetery at Gettysburg battlefield
-during the address, Lincoln framed the war as a means to uphold the values of liberty
Battle of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson (February 1862)
key victry for union general Ulysses S. Grant
-secured the North’s hold on kentucky and paved the way for Grant’s attacks deeper into Tennessee
Battle of Shiloh (April 1862)
Bloody civil war battle on the tennessee-mississippi boarder
-left more than 23,000 soldiers dead, wounded, or missing, and ended in a marginal union Victory
siege of Vicksburg
2 1/2 month siege of confederate fort on the Mississippi boarder
- won by the union which gave them control of the mississippi river, splitting the south in 2
- “divide and conquer”
sherman’s March (1864-1865)
Union general William Sherman’s destructive march through Georgia
-targeted infrastructure and civilian property to diminish morale and undercut the confederate war effort
congressional comittee on the conduct of the war (1861-1865)
Established by congress during the civil war to oversee military affairs
-largely under control of radical republicans and agitated for a more vigorous war effort and actively pressed Lincoln on the issue of emancipation
copperheads
northern democrats who obstructed the war effort by attacking Lincoln, the draft, and, after 1863, emancipation
the man without a country (1863)
edward everett hale’s fictional account of a treasonous soldier’s journeys in exile
-inspired greater devotion to the union
union party (1864)
a coalition party of pro-war democrats and republicans formed during the 1864 election to defeat antiwar Northern democrats
wilderness campaign (1864-1865)
a series of brutal clashes between Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee’s armies in Virginia
-leading up to Lee’s capture of Grant at Richmond
Appomattox courthouse
site where Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in April 1865
reform bill of 1867
Granted suffrage to all male british citizens, dramatically expanding the electorate
