Unit 1, Chapter 8

Question 1

Battle of bunker hill

Answer 1

(June 1775) fought on the outskirts of Boston on breeds hill
-the battle ended in the colonial militias retreat though at a heavy cost to the British

Question 2

Olive branch petition

Answer 2

(July 1775) conciliatory Measure adopted by the Continental Congress professing American loyalty and seeking an end to the hostilities
-rejected by King George and proclaimed the colonies in rebellion

Question 3

Hessians

Answer 3

German troops hired from their princes by George III to aid in putting down the colonial insurrection

Question 4

Common sense

Answer 4

(1776) Thomas Paine’s pamphlet urging the Connies to declare independence and establish a republican government
- help the colonists support the revolution
- One of the most influential pamphlet ever written
- Independence not reconciliation

Question 5

Declaration of Independence

Answer 5

(July 4, 1776) formal pronouncement of independence drafted by Thomas Jefferson and approved by Congress
-served as inspiration for later revolutionary movements worldwide

Question 6

Declaration of the rights of man

Answer 6

(1789) declaration of rights adopted during the French Revolution
- modeled after the American declaration

Question 7

Loyalists

Answer 7

American colonists who oppose the revolution and maintain their loyalty to the king
-“Tories”-named after dominant politician all factions in Britain

Question 8

Patriots

Answer 8

Colonists who supported the American revolution

-“Whigs”-named after opposition factions in Britain

Question 9

Battle of Long Island

Answer 9

(August 1776) Battle for the control of New York

Question 10

Battle of Trenton

Answer 10

(December 1776) George Washington surprised and captured a garrison of sleeping German hessians raising the morality of his crestfallen army and setting the stage for his Victory at Princeton a week later

Question 11

Battle of Saratoga

Answer 11

(December 1777) decisive colonial victory in upstate New York which helped secure French support for the revolutionary cause

Question 12

Model treaty

Answer 12

(1776) sample treaty drafted by the continental Congress as a guide for American diplomats
- reflected the Americans desire to foster commercial partnerships rather than political or military entanglements

Question 13

Armed neutrality

Answer 13

(1780) loose alliance of nonbelligerent in naval power, organized by Russia’s Catherine the great to protect neutral trading rights during the war for American independence

Question 14

Treaty of fort stanwix

Answer 14

(1784) treaty signed by the United States as the pro British Iroquois granting Ohio country to the Americans

Question 15

Privateers

Answer 15

Privately owned armed ships authorized by Congress to pray on enemy shipping during the revolutionary war

Question 16

Battle of Yorktown

Answer 16

(October 1781) George Washington, with the aid of the French army, besieged Cornwallis at Yorktown while the French naval fleet prevented British reinforcements from coming ashore
-Cornwallis surrendered

Question 17

Treaty of Paris

Answer 17

(1783) peace treaty signed by Britain and the united states ending the revolutionary war
- Americans repaid British depts

Question 18

Second continental congress

Answer 18

(1775-1781)representative body of delegates from all 13 colonies
-drafted the Declaration of Independence