Unit 2, Chapter 12

Question 1

Battle of New Orleans (Jan. 1815)

Answer 1

Resounding victory, and final battle if 1812, of American forces against the British, restoring American confidence and fueling an outpouring of nationalism.

Question 2

Congress of Vienna (1814-1815)

Answer 2

Convention of major European powers to redraw the boundaries of continental Europe after the defeat of Napoleon

Question 3

Treaty of Ghent (1814)

Answer 3

Ended the War if 1812 in a virtual draw, restoring prewar borders but failing to address any of the grievances that first brought America into the war.

Question 4

Hartford Convention (1814-1815)
(Who? What did they believe or not believe?)

Answer 4

Conventions of Federalist from five New England states who opposed the War and resented the strength of southern and western interests in Congress and the White House

Question 5

War of 1812

Another name? Why was this war fought?

Answer 5

Also know as (Madison’s war)
Fought between Britain and the US largely over the issues of trade and impressment.
Demonstrated American’s willingness to defend its interests militarily, earning the respect from the European powers.

Question 6

Rush Bagot agreement

Answer 6

(1817) signed by Britain and the United States, it established strict limits on naval armaments in the Great Lakes
- first step in the full demilitarization of the US-Canadian border, completed in 1870

Question 7

Tariff of 1816

Answer 7

First protective tariffs on American history, created primarily to shield New England manufacturers from the inflow of British goods after the war of 1812

Question 8

American system

Who? What?

Answer 8

Henry clay’s three pronged system to promote American industry

• strong banking system (2nd Bank of America)- provide easy and abundant credit
• protective tariffs (tariff of 1816)-eastern manufacturing and provided funds for the 3rd part of the system
• network of roads and canals (Eire canal, Cumberland road)-funded by the government

Question 9

Era of good feelings

During who’s presidency? What?

Answer 9

(1816-1824) period of a one-party, republican, rule during James Monroe’s presidency
-few conflicts over international improvements, slavery, and the national bank

Question 10

Panic of 1819

What? Who did this affect?

Answer 10

Severe financial crisis brought on primarily by the efforts of the bank of the United States to curb over speculation on western lands
-affected the poorer classes, especially in the west, sowing the seeds of Jacksonian democracy

Question 11

Land act of 1820

Answer 11

Fueled by the settlement of the northwest and Missouri territories by lowering the price of public land
-prohibited the purchase of federal acreage on credit, eliminating one of the causes of the panic of 1819

Question 12

Tallmadge amendment

Answer 12

(1819) failed proposal to prohibit the importation of slaves into Missouri territory and pave the way for gradual emancipation
- southerners opposed the amendment, which they chives as a threat to the sectional balance between the north and south

Question 13

Peculiar institution

Answer 13

Widely used term for the institution of American slavery in the south

Question 14

Missouri comprimise

Answer 14

(1826) allowed Missouri to enter as a slave state but preserved the balance between the north a dough by carving free-soil Maine out of Massachusetts and prohibiting slavery from territories acquired in the Louisiana purchase, north of the line 36 degrees 30’

Question 15

McCulloh vs. Maryland

Answer 15

Supreme Court case that strengthened the federal authority and upheld the constitutionality of the bank of the United States by establishing that the state of Maryland did not have the power to tax the bank

Question 16

Loose construction

Answer 16

Legal doctrine that the federal government can use powers not specifically granted or prohibited in the constitution to carry out its constitutionality mandated responsibilities