Unit 2, Chapter 13 Flashcards

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1
Q

Spoils system

A

Policy of rewarding political supporters with public office, first widely employed at the federal level by Andrew Jackson

  • widely abused by unscrupulous office seekers
  • helped cement party loyalty in the emerging 2-party system
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2
Q

Tariff of abomination

What? Who opposed this tariffs?

A

(1828) unpredictably high duties on imports
- south opposed the tariff, arguing it hurt southern farmers, who didn’t enjoy protection of tariffs, but were forced to pay higher prices for manufacturers

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3
Q

Nullification crisis

A

(1832-1833) showdown between Andrew Jackson and the South Carolina legislature

  • South Carolina declared the 1832 tariff null and void in the state and threatened succession if the federal government tried to collect duties
  • resolved with a compromise negotiated by Henry clay in 1833
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4
Q

compromise tariff of 1833

A

passed as a measure to resolve the Nullification Crisis

-tariffs would be lowered gradually over the course of 10 years

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5
Q

force bill

A

(1833) authorize the president to use the military to collect federal tariff duties
- passed alongside the compromise of 1833

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6
Q

trail of tears

Who? Where?

A

(1838-1839) forced march of 15,000 cherokee indians from their georgia and Alabama homes to indian territory

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7
Q

black hawk war

Between who? Where?

A

(1832) series of clashes in Illinois and Wisconsin between American forces and indian chief black hawk o the saux and fox tribes, who unsuccessfully tried to reclaim territory lost under the 1830 indian removal act

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8
Q

indian removal act

A

(1830) ordered the removal of indian tribes still residing east of the Mississippi to newly established indian territory west of Arkansas and Missouri
- tribes resisting eviction were forcibly removed by american forces

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9
Q

Bank war

A

(1832) battle between president Andrew jackson adn congressional supporters of the bank of the united states over the Bank’s renewal
- Jackson vetoed the bank bill, arguing that the bank favored moneyed interests t the expense of western farmers

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10
Q

anti-masonic party

A

(Established ca. 1826) gained considerable influence in New England and the mid-atlantic during the 1832 election, campaigning against the politically influential masonic order, a secret society

  • founded in New York
  • Anti-masons opposed Andrew Jackson, a mason, and drew much of their support from evangelical protestants
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11
Q

pet banks

A

popular term for pro-jackson state banks that received the bulk of federal deposits when jackson moved to dismantle the bank in 1833

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12
Q

panic of 1837

A

economic crisis triggered by bank failures, elevated grain prices, and jackson’s efforts to curb over speculation on western lands and transportation improvements
-in response, president martin van buren proposed the “divorce bill”

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13
Q

specie circular

A

(1836) required all public lands be purchased with “hard,” or metallic currency
- issued after small banks flooded the market with unreliable paper currency

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14
Q

“divorce bill”

A

pulled treasury funds out of the banking system altogether, contracting the credit supply

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15
Q

Alamo

A

fortress in Texas where 200 american volunteers were slain by santa anna in 1836

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16
Q

goliad

Where? What?

A

Texas outpost where american volunteers were massacred by Mexican forces inn 1836
-the incident, along with the slaughter of the Alamo, fueled american support for Texan independence

17
Q

battle of san Jacinto

A

resulted in the capture of Mexican dictator santa anna, who was forced to withdraw his troops from Texas and recognize the Rio grande as Texas’s southwestern border

18
Q

Corrupt bargain

Who? What?

A

Alleged deal between presidential candidates John Quincey Adams and Henry clay to throw the election to be decided by the house of reps in Adams favor

19
Q

Andrew Jackson

A

Common man’s president or King Andrew

  • Held grudges
  • as president-very distrustful in monopolies and the rich
  • support of planter elite and frontiersman