Unit 2, Chapter 10 Flashcards
Bill of rights
What is it? What does it do?
(1791) popular term for the first 10 amendments to the u.s. Constitution
- secure key rights for individuals and reserve to the states all powers not explicitly delegated or prohibited by the constitution
Judiciary act of 1789
Organized the federal legal system, establishing the Supreme Court, federal district and circuit courts and the office of the attorney general
Funding at par
What did Alexander Hamilton do?
Payment of debts, such as government bonds, at face value
-Alexander Hamilton proposed that the federal government pay its revolutionary war debts in full in order to booster the nation’s credit
assumption
How was this used?
transfer of debt from one party to another
-the federal government assumed states’ Revolutionary war debts in 1790
tariff
tax levied on imports
excise tax
What was this part of?
tax on goods produced domestically
- Hamilton’s financial program
- tax on whiskey
Bank of the United States
What was this part of?
(1791) charactered by congress as part of Hamilton’s financial program
- printed money and served as a depository for treasury fund
Whiskey Revotution (Who put this down and how?)
(1794) Popular uprising of whiskey distillers in Southwestern Pennsylvania in opposition to an excise tax on whiskey
- Washington put down the rebellion with militia drawn from several states
Reign of Terror
(1793-1794) Ten month period of brutal repression when some forty thousand individuals were executed as enemies of the French Revolution
Neutrality Proclamation
Who did this enrage?
(1793) Issued by George Washington, it proclaimed America’s formal neutrality in the escalating conflict between England and France
- enraged pro-French Jeffersonians
Battle of Fallen Timbers
(1794) Decisive battle between the Miami Confederacy and the U.S. army
- British forces refused to shelter the routed indians, forcing the latter to attain a peace settlement with the United States (treaty of Greenville)
Treaty of Greenville
(1795) the Miami confederacy agreed to cede territory reaching the Old Northwest to the United States in exchange for cash payment, hunting rights, and formal recognition of their sovereign status
Jay’s treaty
Who? What?
(1794) effort to avoid war with Britain
- negotiated by Chief Justice John Jay
Pinckey’s treaty
Signed with who? What?
(1795) granted Americans free navigation of the Mississippi and the disputed territory of Florida
- signed with Spain
Farewell address
(1796) George Washington’s address at the end of his presidency, warning against permanent alliances with other countries
XYZ Affair
(1797) diplomatic conflict between France and the United States when American envoys to France were asked to pay a hefty bribe for the privilege of meeting with the French foreign minister
Convention of 1800
Agreement to formally dissolve the United States’ treaty with France
-Originally signed during the revolutionary war
Alien laws
(1798) acts passed by a federalist congress, raising the residency requirement fore citizenship to 14 years and granting the president the power to deport foreigners in times of peace
Sedition acts
Enacted by who?
(1798) an effort to clamp down on Jeffersonian opposition
- Enacted by the federalist congress
- made anyone convicted of defaming government officials or interfering with government policies liable to imprisonment and a heavy fine
Virginia and Kentucky resolutions
Who drafted this?
(1798-1799) Statements for the legislature of Kentucky and Virginia
-Drafted by Jefferson and Madison
First president voted by electoral college unanimously
George Washington
George Washington
Symbol of the new government and nation
-fights congressional effort to limit executive power
Republican
What did they believe in?
- strict interpretation of government
- continue with agricultural systems
- anti-national bank
- extreme faith in the people to make good decisions and lead the government
- Thomas Jefferson
Federalist
What did they believe in?
- stares rights politician
- loose interpretation of constitution
- industrialization with a strong agricultural base
- pro national bank
- feared people making decisions
- favored rich
- Alexander Hamilton
