Unit 3 - Cellular Respiration Flashcards
Cellular Respiration
the process of extracting energy from food energy-rich molecules to produce ATP
Reactions of glycosis and respiration: Each horizontal line represents a ___; each vertical line represents a ___
energy of molecule, action of enzyme
Oxidation
occurs when molecule loses electrons (and sometimes proton too)
Reduction
occurs when molecule gains electrons (and sometimes proton too)
4 Stages of Cellular Respiration and where they occur
1.Glycolysis - cytoplasm
2.Pyruvate Processing - as soon as transported into mitochondria
3.Citric Acid Cycle - in mitochondrial matrix
4.Electron Transport Chain - inner mitochondrial membrane and
-Oxidative Phosphorylation occurs in matrix
-study slides
Glycolysis
glucose in broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvate in 3 stages
1.ATP investment phase
2.cleavage
3.ATP payoff phase
Glycolysis is not very
efficient, only 2 molecules of ATP and 2 electron carriers produced for each glucose
Oxidative Phosphorylation is very
efficient, remaining energy in glucose leftovers (2 pyruvate) are used to generate many ATP molecules
Mitochondrial Matrix
spaces formed by Mitochondrial Cristae
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
huge mitochondrial matrix enzyme that oxidizes Pyruvate to acetyl CoA
Electron Transport Chain
a series of 4 integral membrane protein complexes that catalyze redox rxns and fuels ATP synthesis
Coenzyme Q
a lipid-soluble electron carrier shuttles e- between complexes within inner mitochondrial membrane
Cytochrome c
a hydrophilic electron carrier that shuttles e- between ETC complexes
ATP Synthase
uses electrochemical proton gradient to drive synthesis of ATP, very efficient (lollipop shape)
Phosphofructokinase
2 Binding Sites: Catalytic and Regulatory site
First enzyme in glycolysis pathway
