Protein Structure - Feb 6 Flashcards
Protein functions include
structural support, membrane channels, enzymes, and signaling
Amino acids ionize in
water (NH2 and COOH becomes NH3+ and COO-
zwitterion
free amino acid with uncharged side chain and no net charge
Amino acids with polar side chains are
hydrophilic and form hydrogen bonds
Basic/Acidic Amino Acids are
hydrophilic, polar, and tend to form ionic bonds
Glycine is a special amino acid bc
it increases the flexibility of the polypeptide backbone
Proline is a special amino acid because it
causes kinks in the polypeptide
How do peptide bonds form in amino acids?
Peptidyl transferase rxn -carboxyl group and amino group of 2 amino acids react while releasing molecule of water (condensation/dehydration)
Proteins are always synthesized in the direction of
amino (N-) (first amino acid) to carboxy (C-) terminus (last amino acid)
R groups are not a part of the
Polypeptide backbone
a helices and B sheets are
secondary structural elements of proteins stabilized by hydrogen bonds
What does a proteins tertiary structure determine
its function
Bonds that hold protein tertiary and quaternary structures together (strong to weak)?
covalent (disulfide-stronger) and non-covalent (ionic, hydrogen, van der Waals forces)
Homodimer vs heterodimer
2 proteins copies making a chain, 2 different polypeptide chains
Annealing/Hybridization
when complementary single-stranded nucleic acids come together by base pairing
