Detecting Genes and Gene Products - Feb 10

Question 1

Gel electrophoresis

Answer 1

separates molecules based on size and charge

Question 2

Electrophoresis fragments move faster or slower based on

Answer 2

size (small=fast, large=slower)

Question 3

Electrophoresis: RNA and DNA both migrate toward positive electrode because

Answer 3

of the negative charges in phosphodiester backbone

Question 4

Protein samples are often electrophoresed using, while Nucleic acids use

Answer 4

SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis), agarose

Question 5

All DNA, RNA, or protein on a gel can be detected by a

Answer 5

stain (molecule that binds to specific subset of biological molecules)

Question 6

Ethidium Bromide stains what

Answer 6

DNA

Question 7

Coomassie Blue stains

Answer 7

protein

Question 8

Blotting is

Answer 8

the transfer and virtually irreversible binding of biological molecules to a membrane

Question 9

the transfer and virtually irreversible binding of biological molecules to a membrane

Answer 9

Blotting

Question 10

Blotting experiments use probes/antibodies to

Answer 10

detect specific nucleic acids/proteins

Question 11

Antibodies

Answer 11

allow one to directly measure the end product of protein-coding genes

Question 12

antibodies are less predictable than

Answer 12

nucleic acids and more difficult to obtain

Question 13

Antibodies are a _ protein structure held together by

Answer 13

quaternary; mostly disulfide bonds

Question 14

Antibodies are used to detect

Answer 14

specific protein bands on a blot after electrophoresis

Question 15

Restriction Endonucleases AKA restriction enzymes

Answer 15

digest (hydrolyze phosphodiester bonds) at specific nucleotide sequences (used to cut genomic DNA small enough to electrophorese bc chromosomes too big for gel)

Question 16

Virtually all cells in an organism have the same genomic DNA but

Answer 16

major differences are observed when comparing RNA and protein blots between diff. tissues