Unit 2: Water Properties Part 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Water is called the ___________ _________.

A

universal solvent

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2
Q

Liquid that is doing the dissolving of another substance

A

solvent

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3
Q

Substance being dissolved in the solvent

A

solute

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4
Q

Substance possessing equal distribution of material. (Kool-aid is a good example.)

A

solution

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5
Q

__________ ________ of _______ make solvent, solute, and solutions possible.

A

hydrogen bonds, water

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6
Q

Water surrounding a molecule. Substance is dissolved and “disappears”.

A

hydration shell

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7
Q

Oils, grease, and fat are ___-_____ and therefore water can’t grab and dissolve. (Need salt to make a molecular bridge to dissolve… most dishwashing liquids are just saltwater with coloring.)

A

non-polar

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8
Q

Water cannot attach to the substance because the substance is non-polar.
The substance “hates” water’s polarity.

A

Hydrophobic

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9
Q

means water

A

hydro

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10
Q

means fear of

A

phobic

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11
Q

means love of

A

philic

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12
Q

Water can attach to the substance because the substance is polar.
The substance “loves” water’s polarity.

A

Hydrophilic

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13
Q

Refers to water breaking apart into H+ (Proton) and an OH- (Hydroxide Ion).

A

Dissociation

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14
Q

a substance that gives away H+. (Measured on a pH scale.)

A

acid

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15
Q

the ph scale goes from ___ to ___

A

0, 14

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16
Q

What is neutral on the ph scale?

A

7

17
Q

7 – Substance is a ____

A

acid, base

18
Q

a substance that gives away OH-. (Measured on a pOH scale.)

A

base

19
Q

On the pOH scale: 7 – substance is an _____

A

base, acid

20
Q

A substance that can resist changes in pH or pOH.

A

buffer

21
Q

It can take on or gives off a H+ or OH- to maintain the pH or pOH concentration

A

buffer

22
Q

_______ helps keeps blood at a pH of 7.4 ideally

A

Bicarbonate

23
Q

Example of buffer

A

Bicarbonate in human blood HCO₃¯

24
Q

Why is bicarbonate needed?

A

because of the food, drink, air or other substances we put into our bodies

25
Q

HCO3- can take on H+ from the blood to become H2CO3 (_______ ______) to raise blood pH. The H2CO3 then travels to the lungs where it is converted to H2O (water) and CO2.

A

carbonic acid

26
Q

Refers to Rain, Snow, Sleet, Ice, or Fog with a low pH.

A

acid precipitation

27
Q

Water falling in the environment that has a pH of less than 5.6.

A

acid precipitation

28
Q

Acid precipitation is mainly caused by SO (____ _____) and NO (_____ ______) in the air to combine with water.
Both are found in fossil fuels when burned. (Such as oil, gasoline, or diesel fuel.)

A

Sulfur Oxide, Nitrous Oxide