Unit 2: Chemistry of Life Flashcards
Anything that takes up space and has mass to it.
matter
he simplest form of a substance that cannot be broken apart and still have the properties of that element.
element
Two or more elements bonded together resulting in new chemical properties to emerge for the compound.
compound
a stable liquid and can sometimes be used to out a fire. Hydrogen by itself is a flammable gas; Oxygen by itself is also a flammable gas.
H2O
The most common elements in all life forms.
CHNOPS
present in small amounts
Trace elements
The smallest unit of matter with set chemical properties.
atom
_________ maintain their original properties because the subatomic parts are all present.
Atoms
Small parts that make up atoms.
Subatomic particles
means “below” or “lower”
sub
These particles carry a positive charge. They are located in the nucleus of an atom.
Protons
The number of these in an element never changes
Protons
What allowed for the Periodic Table to be created?
The number of protons in an element never changes
These particles carry no charge, which is called neutral. They are also located in the nucleus of an atom.
Neutrons
Atoms with different numbers of neutrons than the normal amount for that element are called ________
Isotopes
The number of ________ or _________ in an atom can change.
neutrons or electrons
These particles carry a negative charge. They are located outside the nucleus in the “_______ cloud”.
electron
The electrons moving
kinetic energy
When electrons are bonded
potential energy
Atoms with different numbers of electrons than the normal amount for that element are called _____
Ions
The cloud is divided into _______ ________. The first energy level holds two electrons. The second and third hold eight electrons.
energy levels
Atoms are weighed in units called _______ or _________ ________ ________.
Daltons or Atomic Mass Units (AMU’s)
Each ________ or ________ (these are the largest sub-atomic particles) is equal to 1 Dalton or 1AMU.
proton or neutron
________ are basically 1/1000 of a Dalton.
Electrons
Two or more atoms bonded together. (They maybe the same type of atom or they maybe different atoms.)
Molecule
It refers to the number of protons only in that element.
Atomic number
refers to the number of protons and neutrons together in that element or molecule.
These are the two subatomic particles that have “significant mass or weight” associated with them. Remember electrons have very little mass, so you can just add protons and neutrons.
Mass Number or Atomic Weight
Atoms that possess different numbers of neutrons than the normal amount for that element and thereby have different mass numbers.
Isotopes
Most isotopes are _____________.
radioactive
These usually have the same chemical properties as the normal element, but the physical properties maybe different.
Isotopes
