Unit 2: Chemistry of Life Flashcards

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1
Q

Anything that takes up space and has mass to it.

A

matter

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2
Q

he simplest form of a substance that cannot be broken apart and still have the properties of that element.

A

element

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3
Q

Two or more elements bonded together resulting in new chemical properties to emerge for the compound.

A

compound

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4
Q

a stable liquid and can sometimes be used to out a fire. Hydrogen by itself is a flammable gas; Oxygen by itself is also a flammable gas.

A

H2O

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5
Q

The most common elements in all life forms.

A

CHNOPS

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6
Q

present in small amounts

A

Trace elements

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7
Q

The smallest unit of matter with set chemical properties.

A

atom

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8
Q

_________ maintain their original properties because the subatomic parts are all present.

A

Atoms

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9
Q

Small parts that make up atoms.

A

Subatomic particles

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10
Q

means “below” or “lower”

A

sub

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11
Q

These particles carry a positive charge. They are located in the nucleus of an atom.

A

Protons

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12
Q

The number of these in an element never changes

A

Protons

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13
Q

What allowed for the Periodic Table to be created?

A

The number of protons in an element never changes

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14
Q

These particles carry no charge, which is called neutral. They are also located in the nucleus of an atom.

A

Neutrons

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15
Q

Atoms with different numbers of neutrons than the normal amount for that element are called ________

A

Isotopes

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16
Q

The number of ________ or _________ in an atom can change.

A

neutrons or electrons

17
Q

These particles carry a negative charge. They are located outside the nucleus in the “_______ cloud”.

A

electron

18
Q

The electrons moving

A

kinetic energy

19
Q

When electrons are bonded

A

potential energy

20
Q

Atoms with different numbers of electrons than the normal amount for that element are called _____

A

Ions

21
Q

The cloud is divided into _______ ________. The first energy level holds two electrons. The second and third hold eight electrons.

A

energy levels

22
Q

Atoms are weighed in units called _______ or _________ ________ ________.

A

Daltons or Atomic Mass Units (AMU’s)

23
Q

Each ________ or ________ (these are the largest sub-atomic particles) is equal to 1 Dalton or 1AMU.

A

proton or neutron

24
Q

________ are basically 1/1000 of a Dalton.

A

Electrons

25
Q

Two or more atoms bonded together. (They maybe the same type of atom or they maybe different atoms.)

A

Molecule

26
Q

It refers to the number of protons only in that element.

A

Atomic number

27
Q

refers to the number of protons and neutrons together in that element or molecule.
These are the two subatomic particles that have “significant mass or weight” associated with them. Remember electrons have very little mass, so you can just add protons and neutrons.

A

Mass Number or Atomic Weight

28
Q

Atoms that possess different numbers of neutrons than the normal amount for that element and thereby have different mass numbers.

A

Isotopes

29
Q

Most isotopes are _____________.

A

radioactive

30
Q

These usually have the same chemical properties as the normal element, but the physical properties maybe different.

A

Isotopes