UNIT 2 LESSON 2

Question 1

most communication are sent to the brain through it

Answer 1

central nervous system

Question 2

sensory nerves that connect to the CNS to relay messages to the brain

Answer 2

peripheral nervous system

Question 3

enables voluntary muscle movement through motor
neurons once commands are sent from the brain

Answer 3

somatic nervous system

Question 4

largely uncontrollable, and functions on autopilot beating the heart, digesting food, and moving organs

Answer 4

automatic nervous system

Question 5

arouses and expends energy (fight or flight)

Answer 5

Sympathetic nervous system

Question 6

slows your heartbeat, lowers blood sugar, and calms your system afterwards

Answer 6

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 7

that receive and send
electrochemical signals to communicate

Answer 7

neurons

Question 8

the cell body, which contains all the DNA, and other essential
parts for keeping the neuron alive

Answer 8

soma

Question 9

electrochemical messages are sent through ______

Answer 9

axons

Question 10

covers axons

Answer 10

myelin sheaths

Question 11

axon terminal

Answer 11

synapses

Question 12

releases and receives nuerochemicals

Answer 12

dendrites

Question 13

outside the axon

Answer 13

sodium ions (Na+)

Question 14

inside the axon

Answer 14

potassium and proteins (K+, -) which creates a negative charge

Question 15

re-separates the Na+ and K+ ions

Answer 15

sodium-potassium pumps

Question 16

when an electrical impulse passes through the axons of the communicating neuron

Answer 16

action potential

Question 17

chemical particles/ messengers

Answer 17

neurotransmitters

Question 18

a process when neurotransmitters are sent back to the original axon

Answer 18

reuptake

Question 19

drugs mimicking euphoria, alertness, or other
sensations

Answer 19

agonists

Question 20

feeling worse afterwards and in need of more drugs

Answer 20

addiction

Question 21

chemicals that bind and DO
NOT activate the receptors sometimes permanently

Answer 21

antagonists

Question 22

the destroying of brain cells

Answer 22

lesions

Question 23

can target the electrical waves in one’s brain, down to a specific stimulus

Answer 23

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

Question 24

x-rays that can reveal brain damage

Answer 24

Computed Tomography (CT) Scans

Question 25

shows brains consumption of chemical fuel—glucose (shows most active regions during
activity)

Answer 25

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan

Question 26

puts the head in strong magnetic field that aligns spinning electrons of brain molecules, then disorients them with a radio wave. When they return to normal, it gives a detailed picture of the soft tissues.

Answer 26

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Question 27

takes MRI scans less than a second apart to track blood flow and reveal activity in areas on the brain

Answer 27

Functional MRI