UNIT 2 LESSON 2 Flashcards

The Nervous System

1
Q

most communication are sent to the brain through it

A

central nervous system

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2
Q

sensory nerves that connect to the CNS to relay messages to the brain

A

peripheral nervous system

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3
Q

enables voluntary muscle movement through motor
neurons once commands are sent from the brain

A

somatic nervous system

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4
Q

largely uncontrollable, and functions on autopilot beating the heart, digesting food, and moving organs

A

automatic nervous system

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5
Q

arouses and expends energy (fight or flight)

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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6
Q

slows your heartbeat, lowers blood sugar, and calms your system afterwards

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

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7
Q

that receive and send
electrochemical signals to communicate

A

neurons

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8
Q

the cell body, which contains all the DNA, and other essential
parts for keeping the neuron alive

A

soma

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9
Q

electrochemical messages are sent through ______

A

axons

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10
Q

covers axons

A

myelin sheaths

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11
Q

axon terminal

A

synapses

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12
Q

releases and receives nuerochemicals

A

dendrites

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13
Q

outside the axon

A

sodium ions (Na+)

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14
Q

inside the axon

A

potassium and proteins (K+, -) which creates a negative charge

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15
Q

re-separates the Na+ and K+ ions

A

sodium-potassium pumps

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16
Q

when an electrical impulse passes through the axons of the communicating neuron

A

action potential

17
Q

chemical particles/ messengers

A

neurotransmitters

18
Q

a process when neurotransmitters are sent back to the original axon

19
Q

drugs mimicking euphoria, alertness, or other
sensations

20
Q

feeling worse afterwards and in need of more drugs

21
Q

chemicals that bind and DO
NOT activate the receptors sometimes permanently

A

antagonists

22
Q

the destroying of brain cells

23
Q

can target the electrical waves in one’s brain, down to a specific stimulus

A

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

24
Q

x-rays that can reveal brain damage

A

Computed Tomography (CT) Scans

25
shows brains consumption of chemical fuel—glucose (shows most active regions during activity)
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan
26
puts the head in strong magnetic field that aligns spinning electrons of brain molecules, then disorients them with a radio wave. When they return to normal, it gives a detailed picture of the soft tissues.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
27
takes MRI scans less than a second apart to track blood flow and reveal activity in areas on the brain
Functional MRI