UNIT 2 LESSON 2 Flashcards
The Nervous System
most communication are sent to the brain through it
central nervous system
sensory nerves that connect to the CNS to relay messages to the brain
peripheral nervous system
enables voluntary muscle movement through motor
neurons once commands are sent from the brain
somatic nervous system
largely uncontrollable, and functions on autopilot beating the heart, digesting food, and moving organs
automatic nervous system
arouses and expends energy (fight or flight)
Sympathetic nervous system
slows your heartbeat, lowers blood sugar, and calms your system afterwards
Parasympathetic nervous system
that receive and send
electrochemical signals to communicate
neurons
the cell body, which contains all the DNA, and other essential
parts for keeping the neuron alive
soma
electrochemical messages are sent through ______
axons
covers axons
myelin sheaths
axon terminal
synapses
releases and receives nuerochemicals
dendrites
outside the axon
sodium ions (Na+)
inside the axon
potassium and proteins (K+, -) which creates a negative charge
re-separates the Na+ and K+ ions
sodium-potassium pumps
when an electrical impulse passes through the axons of the communicating neuron
action potential
chemical particles/ messengers
neurotransmitters
a process when neurotransmitters are sent back to the original axon
reuptake
drugs mimicking euphoria, alertness, or other
sensations
agonists
feeling worse afterwards and in need of more drugs
addiction
chemicals that bind and DO
NOT activate the receptors sometimes permanently
antagonists
the destroying of brain cells
lesions
can target the electrical waves in one’s brain, down to a specific stimulus
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
x-rays that can reveal brain damage
Computed Tomography (CT) Scans
shows brains consumption of chemical fuel—glucose (shows most active regions during
activity)
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan
puts the head in strong magnetic field that aligns spinning electrons of brain molecules, then disorients them with a radio wave. When they return to normal, it gives a detailed picture of the soft tissues.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
takes MRI scans less than a second apart to track blood flow and reveal activity in areas on the brain
Functional MRI
