UNIT 1 LESSON 3

Question 1

required to confirm consistent, repeatable results

Answer 1

Experiments

Question 2

our internal feelings or compulsions that are usually wrong

Answer 2

intuitions

Question 3

tendency to favor or support only our narrow views

Answer 3

biases

Question 4

explanations that organize observations and predict outcomes

Answer 4

Theories

Question 5

a testable prediction related to a theory

Answer 5

Hypothesis

Question 6

exact procedures so the experiment can be replicated

Answer 6

Operational definitions

Question 7

how two factors are linked, and can predict one another

Answer 7

Correlation studies

Question 8

a type of observational study that analyzes data from a population, or a representative subset, at a specific point in time

Answer 8

Cross-sectional study

Question 9

observational research method in which data is gathered for the same subjects repeatedly over a period of time

Answer 9

Longitudinal study

Question 10

a questionnaire that self-reports the anonymous behaviors and characteristics of a certain group

Answer 10

Surveys

Question 11

unhindered observations of animals or people in their natural environment

Answer 11

Naturalistic observation

Question 12

one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing some universal truth

Answer 12

Case studies

Question 13

group exposed to the treatment

Answer 13

Experimental group

Question 14

group NOT exposed to the treatment in an experiment

Answer 14

Control group

Question 15

where both research participants and staff are unaware of which group
has the placebo, and which has the treatment

Answer 15

Double-blind

Question 16

bar graph with gaps representing categories and
numerical values

Answer 16

Bar graphs

Question 17

bar graph with no gaps depicting frequency
distribution

Answer 17

Histogram

Question 18

a graph cluster of two variables, w/ slope suggesting relationship

Answer 18

Scatterplots

Question 19

numerical data used to measure and describe characteristics of groups

Answer 19

Descriptive statistics

Question 20

to infer from sample data the probability of something being true of a population

Answer 20

Inferential statistics

Question 21

measure how strong
a relationship is between two variables, ranging from -1 to 1 to represent the correlation

Answer 21

correlation coefficient

Question 22

a right skew distribution due to a long tail on the positive direction on a number line

Answer 22

positive skew

Question 23

a skew in data to the left

Answer 23

negative skew

Question 24

a dataset that contains two peaks

Answer 24

bimodal

Question 25

are central or typical value for a probability distribution

Answer 25

Central tendencies

Question 26

most frequently occurring score

Answer 26

Mode

Question 27

the average score

Answer 27

Mean

Question 28

the middle score in a distribution

Answer 28

Median

Question 29

difference between highest and lowest scores

Answer 29

Range

Question 30

measure of how much scores vary around the mean

Answer 30

Standard deviation

Question 31

undesired variables that can
impact the data, and, unless controlled for, skew and/or ruin the research findings

Answer 31

Confounding variables

Question 32

anything that remain constant or controlled by the experimenter

Answer 32

control variables

Question 33

the likely probability that chance was not responsible for the results of a study

Answer 33

Statistical significance