Unit 2 Biology vocabulary

Question 1

basic unit of matter

Answer 1

Atoms

Question 2

center of the atom

Answer 2

Nucleus

Question 3

negatively charged particle

Answer 3

Electrons

Question 4

pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom

Answer 4

Element

Question 5

atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain

Answer 5

Isotopes

Question 6

substances formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements

Answer 6

Compound

Question 7

electrons are transferred from one atom to another

Answer 7

Ionic Bonds

Question 8

atom that gains electrons

Answer 8

Ions

Question 9

electrons are shared between atoms

Answer 9

Covalent Bonds

Question 10

smallest unit of most compounds

Answer 10

Molecules

Question 11

slight attraction developed between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules

Answer 11

Van Der Waals Forces

Question 12

attraction between molecules of the same substance

Answer 12

Cohesion

Question 13

attraction between molecules of different substance

Answer 13

Adhesion

Question 14

material composed of two or more elements/ not chemically combined

Answer 14

Mixture

Question 15

ions dispersed in water, evenly distributed throughout solution

Answer 15

Solution

Question 16

dissolved substance

Answer 16

Solute

Question 17

substance in which the solute is dissolves

Answer 17

solvent

Question 18

some materials don’t dissolve in water, they separate into small pieces

Answer 18

Suspensions

Question 19

indicate the concentration of H+ ions in solution 0-14

Answer 19

pH scale

Question 20

any compound that forms H+ ion in solution

Answer 20

Acid

Question 21

compound that produces hydroxide ion( OH- ions) in solution

Answer 21

Base

Question 22

weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH

Answer 22

Buffers

Question 23

small units

Answer 23

Monomers

Question 24

joined together monomers

Answer 24

Polymers

Question 25

made of Cardon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Main source of energy

Answer 25

Carbohydrates

Question 26

dingle sugar molecules

Answer 26

Monosaccharides

Question 27

large Macromolecules formed from monosaccharides

Answer 27

polysaccharides

Question 28

large and varied group of biological molecules, carbon an hydrogen

Answer 28

Lipids

Question 29

macromolecules/ hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus

Answer 29

Nucleic acids

Question 30

5- Cardon sugar, Phosphate group, and nitrogen base

Answer 30

Nucleotides

Question 31

has sugar Ribose- nucleic acids

Answer 31

RNA

Question 32

has sugar deoxyribose- nucleic acids

Answer 32

DNA

Question 33

macromolecules, contains nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Answer 33

Proteins

Question 34

proteins are polymers of molecules

Answer 34

Amino acids

Question 35

process that changes, or transforms, one set of chemicals onto another

Answer 35

Chemical reactions

Question 36

enter into a chemical reaction

Answer 36

reactants

Question 37

produced by a chemical reaction

Answer 37

Products

Question 38

energy needed to get a reaction started

Answer 38

activation energy

Question 39

substance that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions

Answer 39

Catalysts

Question 40

proteins that act as biological catalysts

Answer 40

Enzymes

Question 41

reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions

Answer 41

Substates