8-9 Biology vocab

Question 1

use light energy for food, plants

Answer 1

autotrophs

Question 2

get energy from food they consume, animals

Answer 2

heterotrophs

Question 3

principal chemical compound that cells use to store and release energy

Answer 3

(ATP) adenosine triphosphate

Question 4

plants use sunlight to make food, key cellular process

Answer 4

photosynthesis

Question 5

light, absorbing molecules

Answer 5

pigment

Question 6

absorb light for plants, two kinds A and B

Answer 6

chlorophyll

Question 7

saclike photosynthesis membranes

Answer 7

thylakoid

Question 8

light, collecting units of the chloroplast

Answer 8

photosystems

Question 9

region outside the thylakoid membranes

Answer 9

stroma

Question 10

accepts and holds 2 high-energy electrons along with a hydrogen ion

Answer 10

(NADP+) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Question 11

use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH

Answer 11

light-dependent reactions

Question 12

protein, allows H+ ions to pass through it

Answer 12

ATP synthase

Question 13

plants use the energy that ATP and NADPH contain to build high-energy compounds that can be stored for along time

Answer 13

Calvin cycle

Question 14

energy needed to raise the temp

Answer 14

calorie

Question 15

releases small amounts of energy

Answer 15

glycolysis

Question 16

process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen

Answer 16

cellular respiration

Question 17

accepts a pair of high-energy electrons

Answer 17

NAD+

Question 18

releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP

Answer 18

Fermentation

Question 19

fermentation that doesn’t require oxygen

Answer 19

anaerobic

Question 20

pathways of cellular respiration that require oxygen

Answer 20

aerobic

Question 21

second stage of cellular respiration, pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extraction reactions

Answer 21

Krebs Cycle

Question 22

uses the high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convent ADP into ATP

Answer 22

electron transport chain