Unit 5 vocab World studies Flashcards
an administrative unit in the Ottoman Empire used to organize religious groups, or a type of grain
millet
elite force of the Ottoman army/ empire
Janizary
a title of the former monarch of Iran; king
shah
land ruled by a sultan
sultanate
a rigid and hereditary social class
caste
a king or prince in India; a minor chief or dignitary
Rajah
movement of individuals or groups from one position in a society’s stratification system to another
social mobility
complex, ornate design consisting intertwining flowing lines
arabesque
art of beautiful/ fine handwriting
calligraphy
a supreme political and religious leader in a Muslim government, defender of faith
Caliph
a tall slender tower, typically part of a mosque, with a balcony from which a muezzin calls muslims to prayer
Minaret
military and political leader with absolute authority over a Muslim country
Sultan
a fertile place in a desert where there is water and vegetation
Oasis
the journey that Muhammad, faced with the threat of murder, took from Mecca to Medina
Hijira
a Muslim place of worship
Mosque
a pilgrimage to Mecca, preformed as a duty by Muslims
Hajj
a struggle or fight against the enemies of islam; the spiritual struggle within oneself against sin
Jihad
city in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion, holy city of Islam
Mecca
sacred writing of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina
Quran
islamic law; a combination of the Quran and the Hadith
Sharia
arab prophet; founder of religion of Islam
Muhammad
a meeting of estates or representatives, or even a legislative assembly
Diet
group of people who share common ancestry, language, religion, customs, or combination of such characterisitcs
ethnic group
sparse, dry, treeless grassland
steppe
a member of the old aristocracy in Russia, next in rank to a prince
Boyar
russian rule or emperor
Czar
a ruler who has absolute power
Autocrat
the male head of a family or tribe
patriarch
