Unit 2: 15.1

Question 1

Infection

Answer 1

Successful colonization of a host by a microorganism. Infections can lead to a disease but not always

Question 2

Signs of disease

Answer 2

Are objective and measurable

Example: fever

Question 3

Symptoms of disease

Answer 3

Subjective

Ex: feelings

Question 4

Asymptomatic or sublcinical

Answer 4

Diseases thatbdi not present any noticeable signs or symptoms

Question 5

Morbidity

Answer 5

The number of cases of a disease

Question 6

Mortality

Answer 6

The nunber of deaths due to a disease

Question 7

Infectious disease

Answer 7

Any disease caused by the direct effect of a pathogen

Question 8

Communicable

Answer 8

Can spread person to person through direct or indirect mechanisms

Question 9

Contagious

Answer 9

Diseases that easily spread from person to person

Question 10

Iatrogenic diseases

Answer 10

Diseases that are contracted from a medical procedure

Ex: Clostridium perfringens

Question 11

Nosocomial diseases

Answer 11

Diseases contracted from hospital settings

Ex: contaminated items

Question 12

Zoonotic or zoonosis

Answer 12

Diseases that go from animals to humans

Ex: Ricketsia ricksetti comes from ticks

Question 13

Non communicable diseases

Answer 13

Infectious disease that do not spread from one person to another
Ex: Clostridium tetani or Legionella pneumonia (water gets contaminated person cannot pass to someone)
Food poisoning

Question 14

Noninfectious diseases

Answer 14

Not caused by pathogens

Ex: sickle cell anemia is genetic

Question 15

Periods of disease

Answer 15

1. Incubation
2. Prodromal
3. Period of illness
4. Period of decline
5. Convalescence

Question 16

Incubation period

Answer 16

Pathogen begins multiplying but there is not enough to show signs/symptoms of disease

Question 17

Prodromal period

Answer 17

Parhogen continues to multiply

• host shows signs/symptoms of illness
• to general to indicate a specific disease

Question 18

Period of illness

Answer 18

Signs and symptoms of disease are most obvious and severe

Question 19

Period of decline

Answer 19

The number of pathogen particles decrease and so do symptoms

-patients have weakend immune symptoms can get 2nd infection

Question 20

Convalescence

Answer 20

Patient returns to normal function some disease may have caused permanet damge

Question 21

Acute disease

Answer 21

Pathologic changes ocurr in short time

Ex: flu

Question 22

Chronic disease

Answer 22

Pathologic changes occur over longer time soans

Ex: H. Pylori

Question 23

Latent disease

Answer 23

Pathogen goes dormant

Ex: HIV